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2014 Vol. 44, No. 06
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2014, 44(06): 1-6.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406001
Abstract:
According to GB 500092012 Load Code for the Design of Building Structures， load category and load effect combination for design of dynamic machine foundation were expounded． Previous dead load category of dynamic machine foundation was adjusted in the paper． Meanwhile，allowable vibration criterion of machine foundation set was discussed． It was proposed that vibration speed was appropriate to be the allowable vibration criterion．
According to GB 500092012 Load Code for the Design of Building Structures， load category and load effect combination for design of dynamic machine foundation were expounded． Previous dead load category of dynamic machine foundation was adjusted in the paper． Meanwhile，allowable vibration criterion of machine foundation set was discussed． It was proposed that vibration speed was appropriate to be the allowable vibration criterion．
2014, 44(06): 7-9.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406002
Abstract:
It was proposed that the rationality of structure design could be ensured by concept design of dynamic machine foundation，including machine type，configuration，construction，stiffness of subsoil，etc．
It was proposed that the rationality of structure design could be ensured by concept design of dynamic machine foundation，including machine type，configuration，construction，stiffness of subsoil，etc．
2014, 44(06): 10-13.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406003
Abstract:
According to the deformation characteristics of soil，compressive stiffness coefficient Cz formula was proposed． The formula was obtained by using ideas from the code of the USSR． Soil mechanic parameter was modified to match the actual conditions of subsoil in China． Lumped parameter method based on the elastic half space theory was also referenced in the formula． The method was taken as a complement for Code for Dynamic Machine Foundation Design．
According to the deformation characteristics of soil，compressive stiffness coefficient Cz formula was proposed． The formula was obtained by using ideas from the code of the USSR． Soil mechanic parameter was modified to match the actual conditions of subsoil in China． Lumped parameter method based on the elastic half space theory was also referenced in the formula． The method was taken as a complement for Code for Dynamic Machine Foundation Design．
2014, 44(06): 14-17.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406004
Abstract:
The calculation of vibration composition under various conditions was researched，such as multiple machine which had same or different frequency of operation on a foundation， one machine which had different rotation speeds components on the principal axis on a foundation，and a reciprocating type machine on a foundation whose rotation motion frequency was double than cylinder reciprocating motion frequency． The suggestions on the calculation method of vibration composition under different conditions were proposed．
The calculation of vibration composition under various conditions was researched，such as multiple machine which had same or different frequency of operation on a foundation， one machine which had different rotation speeds components on the principal axis on a foundation，and a reciprocating type machine on a foundation whose rotation motion frequency was double than cylinder reciprocating motion frequency． The suggestions on the calculation method of vibration composition under different conditions were proposed．
2014, 44(06): 18-21.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406005
Abstract:
Characteristics of different flexible foundations of storage tanks were discussed and compared． The method how to determine the thickness and height of ringwall was researched． Meanwhile，calculation method for force of ringwall was analyzed． It was emphasized those concerned problems，such as selection，design and construction of the flexible foundation of the tank．
Characteristics of different flexible foundations of storage tanks were discussed and compared． The method how to determine the thickness and height of ringwall was researched． Meanwhile，calculation method for force of ringwall was analyzed． It was emphasized those concerned problems，such as selection，design and construction of the flexible foundation of the tank．
2014, 44(06): 22-25.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406006
Abstract:
As a new type of isolator，series compression rubber isolator was composed of isolated layer rubber and steel plate，which had higher vertical bearing capacity and vertical stiffness but lower horizontal stiffness． Though it was extensively used in vibration isolation of heavy machine with horizontal vibration， the dynamic parameters of the isolator could not yet be obtained by calculation． The calculation method of the dynamic parameters and the design method of the isolator were proposed by reference to current research fruits．
As a new type of isolator，series compression rubber isolator was composed of isolated layer rubber and steel plate，which had higher vertical bearing capacity and vertical stiffness but lower horizontal stiffness． Though it was extensively used in vibration isolation of heavy machine with horizontal vibration， the dynamic parameters of the isolator could not yet be obtained by calculation． The calculation method of the dynamic parameters and the design method of the isolator were proposed by reference to current research fruits．
2014, 44(06): 26-30.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406007
Abstract:
The determination of vertical rigidity of single pile in GB 5004096 Code for Design Dynamic Machine Foundation adopted the theory of rigidity pile． Actually，piles are not rigid solid． In 1979 or 1987，the determination of the rigidity adopted the theory of elastic pile under condition of constant lateral rigidity in Code for Design Dynamic Machine Foundation of CCCP． The paper adopted Finite element method to determine the rigidity under condition of variable lateral rigidity and discussed those determination methods，and put forward the rigidity values，which might be used in design．
The determination of vertical rigidity of single pile in GB 5004096 Code for Design Dynamic Machine Foundation adopted the theory of rigidity pile． Actually，piles are not rigid solid． In 1979 or 1987，the determination of the rigidity adopted the theory of elastic pile under condition of constant lateral rigidity in Code for Design Dynamic Machine Foundation of CCCP． The paper adopted Finite element method to determine the rigidity under condition of variable lateral rigidity and discussed those determination methods，and put forward the rigidity values，which might be used in design．
2014, 44(06): 31-33.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406008
Abstract:
To explore important influences of Kenneth Framptons architecture view on the modern architectures， Framptons philosophy and his practice strategy were perceived profoundly from his critical regional theory． It was found that based uponphenomenological philosophy，Frampton distinguished and identified the standards and elements of critical regionalism building，and on this basis it was proposed paradoxical thinking and design strategy． Framptonview of regional architecture has practical significance to contemporary regional architectural creation．
To explore important influences of Kenneth Framptons architecture view on the modern architectures， Framptons philosophy and his practice strategy were perceived profoundly from his critical regional theory． It was found that based uponphenomenological philosophy，Frampton distinguished and identified the standards and elements of critical regionalism building，and on this basis it was proposed paradoxical thinking and design strategy． Framptonview of regional architecture has practical significance to contemporary regional architectural creation．
2014, 44(06): 34-37.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406009
Abstract:
How to construct industrial buildings vitality is a universal problem． The relevant theories and methods of narrate were creatively introduced into this proposition，it was explored narrative strategies，paths and rules of corresponding industrial buildings，also elaborated the narrate mode of object-space-events，and the creation strategy of new stories ，Mean while Nantes Island shipyard reconstruction project was taken for example，it was verified and discussed the narrative strategies in construction of the vitality of industrial buildings． It was expected to provide the reference value for the reforming domestic industrial architectures．
How to construct industrial buildings vitality is a universal problem． The relevant theories and methods of narrate were creatively introduced into this proposition，it was explored narrative strategies，paths and rules of corresponding industrial buildings，also elaborated the narrate mode of object-space-events，and the creation strategy of new stories ，Mean while Nantes Island shipyard reconstruction project was taken for example，it was verified and discussed the narrative strategies in construction of the vitality of industrial buildings． It was expected to provide the reference value for the reforming domestic industrial architectures．
2014, 44(06): 38-41.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406010
Abstract:
Based on the combing of industrial development vein in Suzhou，focusing on the characteristics of industries and urban construction and development，it was analysed the connection between industrial heritage and urban features in different periods of Suzhou，it was pointed out that the recognition of industrial heritage should be combined with urban features． The unique definition of Suzhou industrial heritage was given and a qualitative and quantitative standard system was set up to recognize the industrial heritage，especially construct a quantitative evaluation model of industrial heritage's contribution to the urban features． According to this standard and method， the authors put forward a suggested list of recognition of industrial heritages in Suzhou．
Based on the combing of industrial development vein in Suzhou，focusing on the characteristics of industries and urban construction and development，it was analysed the connection between industrial heritage and urban features in different periods of Suzhou，it was pointed out that the recognition of industrial heritage should be combined with urban features． The unique definition of Suzhou industrial heritage was given and a qualitative and quantitative standard system was set up to recognize the industrial heritage，especially construct a quantitative evaluation model of industrial heritage's contribution to the urban features． According to this standard and method， the authors put forward a suggested list of recognition of industrial heritages in Suzhou．
2014, 44(06): 42-45.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406011
Abstract:
Based on the phenomenon and characteristic of the local conception，this paper analyses the orientation designing of village cultural activities space and explores its principles and methods． Taking the designing of building for the center of village culture of Jinmei Lake for example，which conformed the designing ideas of expressing rural culture geographical characteristics and improving the quality of rural life． Through that way，the village's construction could bring a balanced and healthy development of the economy society and environment of the village．
Based on the phenomenon and characteristic of the local conception，this paper analyses the orientation designing of village cultural activities space and explores its principles and methods． Taking the designing of building for the center of village culture of Jinmei Lake for example，which conformed the designing ideas of expressing rural culture geographical characteristics and improving the quality of rural life． Through that way，the village's construction could bring a balanced and healthy development of the economy society and environment of the village．
2014, 44(06): 46-51.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406012
Abstract:
Experiments of two assembled connecting columns and two cast-in-place column models under low cyclic loading and different axial compressive forces are carried out． The result testified that the anti-seismic property of this measure is not worse than the monotonic specimens and can substitute for the monotonic columns in practice． The finite element software ANSYS is used to verify the experimental result of the specimens． By the research on the mechanical characteristics of new connecting columns，the effects of related parameters on the seismic performance of the assembly column are summarized on the basis of numerical simulations． The proposals were put forward on practical engineering applications．
Experiments of two assembled connecting columns and two cast-in-place column models under low cyclic loading and different axial compressive forces are carried out． The result testified that the anti-seismic property of this measure is not worse than the monotonic specimens and can substitute for the monotonic columns in practice． The finite element software ANSYS is used to verify the experimental result of the specimens． By the research on the mechanical characteristics of new connecting columns，the effects of related parameters on the seismic performance of the assembly column are summarized on the basis of numerical simulations． The proposals were put forward on practical engineering applications．
2014, 44(06): 52-56.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406013
Abstract:
Support system of an air cooled condenser is a new type structure in thermal power plant，whose body shape is complex． Under structure are big diameter reinforced concrete pipe columns，up the structure is spatial steel truss with wind wall，and on the platform are air cooled condenser equipments． At present，wind load parameters of this kind of structure are not covered in present wind load code，the technical code for the design of civil structure of fossil-fuel power plant just gives the wind walls body coefficient． As the air cooled condenser equipment is an air permeability structure，when wind resistance design of the structure，the determination of the wind load body coefficient of air cooled condenser equipment lacks theoretical basis and has no reference，some wind parameters are not reasonable． According to the characters of the structures，a rigid model wind tunnel test and numerical simulation were carried out to study the pressure distribution rule and obtain the wind parameters of the structure． The accurate confirmation of cooled condenser equipments body coefficient under different conditions has important guiding meanings for the wind resistance design of this kind of structure．
Support system of an air cooled condenser is a new type structure in thermal power plant，whose body shape is complex． Under structure are big diameter reinforced concrete pipe columns，up the structure is spatial steel truss with wind wall，and on the platform are air cooled condenser equipments． At present，wind load parameters of this kind of structure are not covered in present wind load code，the technical code for the design of civil structure of fossil-fuel power plant just gives the wind walls body coefficient． As the air cooled condenser equipment is an air permeability structure，when wind resistance design of the structure，the determination of the wind load body coefficient of air cooled condenser equipment lacks theoretical basis and has no reference，some wind parameters are not reasonable． According to the characters of the structures，a rigid model wind tunnel test and numerical simulation were carried out to study the pressure distribution rule and obtain the wind parameters of the structure． The accurate confirmation of cooled condenser equipments body coefficient under different conditions has important guiding meanings for the wind resistance design of this kind of structure．
2014, 44(06): 57-61.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406014
Abstract:
Support structure of air cooled condenser is a typical vertical hybrid structure whose stiffness and mass are non-uniform at vertical direction; torsion effect of the structure is obvious，earthquake response of the structure is complex．Research results show that the large-diameter and thin-walled reinforced concrete pipe columns are main lateral force resisting members in the structure，the damage of the structure is mainly concentrated on the bottom of the columns，structures earthquake resistance fortification is simplex． For lacking of systematic study on the seismic design method of this kind of structure，and little of its design cortents is involved in the national standards． In order to guarantee the safety of the support structure and equipment under earthquake action，based on the seismic behavior test of model structure and bearing capacity test of large-diameter and thin-walled reinforced concrete pipe columns， seismic design method and seismic measure are put forward to design support structure of air cooled condenser．
Support structure of air cooled condenser is a typical vertical hybrid structure whose stiffness and mass are non-uniform at vertical direction; torsion effect of the structure is obvious，earthquake response of the structure is complex．Research results show that the large-diameter and thin-walled reinforced concrete pipe columns are main lateral force resisting members in the structure，the damage of the structure is mainly concentrated on the bottom of the columns，structures earthquake resistance fortification is simplex． For lacking of systematic study on the seismic design method of this kind of structure，and little of its design cortents is involved in the national standards． In order to guarantee the safety of the support structure and equipment under earthquake action，based on the seismic behavior test of model structure and bearing capacity test of large-diameter and thin-walled reinforced concrete pipe columns， seismic design method and seismic measure are put forward to design support structure of air cooled condenser．
2014, 44(06): 62-66.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406015
Abstract:
This paper expounded that modal stiffness are of great significance for damage identification． It was proposed BP and PNN neural network for damage identification based on this modal parameter． The result，via experiment analysis on 11 prestressed concrete beams with multistage damage status，shows that the theoretical method based on modal stiffness is hardly practical in engineering application due to many factors such as noise and boundary condition etc，while the neural network can be effectively applied to identify damages with high precision． Moreover，which can offer a new idea for damage identification researches．
This paper expounded that modal stiffness are of great significance for damage identification． It was proposed BP and PNN neural network for damage identification based on this modal parameter． The result，via experiment analysis on 11 prestressed concrete beams with multistage damage status，shows that the theoretical method based on modal stiffness is hardly practical in engineering application due to many factors such as noise and boundary condition etc，while the neural network can be effectively applied to identify damages with high precision． Moreover，which can offer a new idea for damage identification researches．
2014, 44(06): 67-72.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406016
Abstract:
In order to understand the rheological properties of lacustrine soft soil at different stress levels，a onedimensional indoor consolidation creep test was carried out on soft soil in the Dongting Lake area． A rheological constitutive model under lateral confinement conditions was then constructed，and the analytical solution was obtained under one-dimensional consolidation conditions according to the fitted rheological constitutive model． The results indicate that soft soil in the Dongting Lake area has obvious nonlinear creep characteristics． When the stress level is lower than a certain stress threshold，the rheological properties of soft soil follow the rules of the Schiffman model， and the consolidation rate of the soil is low． When the stress level is higher than a certain stress threshold，the rheological properties of soft soil follow the rules of the Nishihara model，and the consolidation rate of the soil is high． In addition，the consolidation rate increases with the increase of the stress threshold． Therefore，in the engineering construction phase of a lacustrine soft soil area，different settlement formulas and engineering treatment measures should be adopted according to the engineering properties of the soft soil and the applied load．
In order to understand the rheological properties of lacustrine soft soil at different stress levels，a onedimensional indoor consolidation creep test was carried out on soft soil in the Dongting Lake area． A rheological constitutive model under lateral confinement conditions was then constructed，and the analytical solution was obtained under one-dimensional consolidation conditions according to the fitted rheological constitutive model． The results indicate that soft soil in the Dongting Lake area has obvious nonlinear creep characteristics． When the stress level is lower than a certain stress threshold，the rheological properties of soft soil follow the rules of the Schiffman model， and the consolidation rate of the soil is low． When the stress level is higher than a certain stress threshold，the rheological properties of soft soil follow the rules of the Nishihara model，and the consolidation rate of the soil is high． In addition，the consolidation rate increases with the increase of the stress threshold． Therefore，in the engineering construction phase of a lacustrine soft soil area，different settlement formulas and engineering treatment measures should be adopted according to the engineering properties of the soft soil and the applied load．
2014, 44(06): 73-76.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406017
Abstract:
Based on the corrosion method of electricity migration，the characteristics of the chloride ion transmission under the stray current environment in the concrete cover were researched． Through four groups of specimens，the variation characteristics of the chloride ion concentration in concrete cover in the case of different current intensity and power-on time were researched in the test． This paper mainly analyzed the influence rules of chloride ion transmission in concrete cover and the chloride concentration on concrete surface under the action of electric field． The results showed that the chloride ion concentration in concrete cover evolved from non-steady-state transmission to steady-state transmission in several hours under the action of the electric field． Its transmission efficiency was 900 times higher than the free diffusion results． But the chloride ion concentration dropped with the increase of power-on time，not stable in the steady-state transmission stage． The growth rules of the concrete surface chloride ion concentration were significantly different from general chloride environment before the chloride ion concentration in concrete cover turn to steady-state transmission． It dropped in power function with the increase of the power-on time，growed in power function with the increase of the current intensity． And the power-on time is the more important factor．
Based on the corrosion method of electricity migration，the characteristics of the chloride ion transmission under the stray current environment in the concrete cover were researched． Through four groups of specimens，the variation characteristics of the chloride ion concentration in concrete cover in the case of different current intensity and power-on time were researched in the test． This paper mainly analyzed the influence rules of chloride ion transmission in concrete cover and the chloride concentration on concrete surface under the action of electric field． The results showed that the chloride ion concentration in concrete cover evolved from non-steady-state transmission to steady-state transmission in several hours under the action of the electric field． Its transmission efficiency was 900 times higher than the free diffusion results． But the chloride ion concentration dropped with the increase of power-on time，not stable in the steady-state transmission stage． The growth rules of the concrete surface chloride ion concentration were significantly different from general chloride environment before the chloride ion concentration in concrete cover turn to steady-state transmission． It dropped in power function with the increase of the power-on time，growed in power function with the increase of the current intensity． And the power-on time is the more important factor．
2014, 44(06): 77-80.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406018
Abstract:
The fly ash entrained concrete were designed and tested in 3. 5% NaCl solution under rapid freezing and thawing cycles，and then the concrete damaged layer thickness and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity were studied by the ultrasonic testing technology，and so on the static elastic modulus． The results showed that the deterioration speed of concrete performance was faster than later on the early period of salt-frost cycles． With the freeze-thaw cycles ongoing，the deterioration speed was reduced． All the static elasticity modulus，the relative dynamic elastic modulus and the salt-frost damaged layer thinkness have the same trend，which can characterize the modulus and the concrete salt-frost damaged layer thickness．
The fly ash entrained concrete were designed and tested in 3. 5% NaCl solution under rapid freezing and thawing cycles，and then the concrete damaged layer thickness and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity were studied by the ultrasonic testing technology，and so on the static elastic modulus． The results showed that the deterioration speed of concrete performance was faster than later on the early period of salt-frost cycles． With the freeze-thaw cycles ongoing，the deterioration speed was reduced． All the static elasticity modulus，the relative dynamic elastic modulus and the salt-frost damaged layer thinkness have the same trend，which can characterize the modulus and the concrete salt-frost damaged layer thickness．
2014, 44(06): 81-84.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406019
Abstract:
The composite masonry of thermal-insulating lightweight concrete hollow block is a new type of structure with composite polystyrene ( EPS) soil as its inner core and the lightweight ceramsite concrete block as its external mould，because it makes the heat preservation and anti-seismic and integrity as a whole，suitable for buildings in village and town． Considering the different strength of filling materials and different strength of masonry mortar， compressive strength of 9 group specimens of composite block masonry was tested，analyzed the effects of different inner core strength and different mortar strength on the compressive strength of composite block masonry． The test results show that the inner core strength has the largest contribution to the compressive strength of composite masonry， whose influence is significant; mortar strength has weak effect on compressive strength of composite masonry; the compressive strength of hollow block masonry is markedly lower than that of composite block masonry．
The composite masonry of thermal-insulating lightweight concrete hollow block is a new type of structure with composite polystyrene ( EPS) soil as its inner core and the lightweight ceramsite concrete block as its external mould，because it makes the heat preservation and anti-seismic and integrity as a whole，suitable for buildings in village and town． Considering the different strength of filling materials and different strength of masonry mortar， compressive strength of 9 group specimens of composite block masonry was tested，analyzed the effects of different inner core strength and different mortar strength on the compressive strength of composite block masonry． The test results show that the inner core strength has the largest contribution to the compressive strength of composite masonry， whose influence is significant; mortar strength has weak effect on compressive strength of composite masonry; the compressive strength of hollow block masonry is markedly lower than that of composite block masonry．
2014, 44(06): 85-89.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406020
Abstract:
In the constructing a long-span self-anchored swivel arch bridge which crossing the existing line，how to obtain reliable cast-in-place main arch special-shaped cap support the temporary structure is a key technical problem in the construction． Therefore，taking the construction of the main arch cast-in-situ frame as the research object，the finite element SAP 2000 was used to build support model，analysed the support stress and deformation characteristics in the process of construction． The results showed that stress and deformation of the arch bridge cast-in-place bracket met the standard requirements，and had withstood the test of real bridge，and that the design and construction of special-shaped cap support is safe and reasonable．
In the constructing a long-span self-anchored swivel arch bridge which crossing the existing line，how to obtain reliable cast-in-place main arch special-shaped cap support the temporary structure is a key technical problem in the construction． Therefore，taking the construction of the main arch cast-in-situ frame as the research object，the finite element SAP 2000 was used to build support model，analysed the support stress and deformation characteristics in the process of construction． The results showed that stress and deformation of the arch bridge cast-in-place bracket met the standard requirements，and had withstood the test of real bridge，and that the design and construction of special-shaped cap support is safe and reasonable．
2014, 44(06): 90-94.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406021
Abstract:
Aiming at a double-tower connected structure，which model was built with NosaCAD and was transferred into ABAQUS finite-element model，construction simulation analysis and elasto-plastic time history analysis were performed． Based on behavior of the structure under rare earthquakes with intensity 7，the displacement，inter-story drifts and distribution of concrete damage patterns of the structure are obtained． The result indicates that under rare earthquakes，the maximum inter-story drifts satisfied the requirement of the Chinese seismic design code． The order and distribution of damage in the components are reasonable．
Aiming at a double-tower connected structure，which model was built with NosaCAD and was transferred into ABAQUS finite-element model，construction simulation analysis and elasto-plastic time history analysis were performed． Based on behavior of the structure under rare earthquakes with intensity 7，the displacement，inter-story drifts and distribution of concrete damage patterns of the structure are obtained． The result indicates that under rare earthquakes，the maximum inter-story drifts satisfied the requirement of the Chinese seismic design code． The order and distribution of damage in the components are reasonable．
2014, 44(06): 95-100.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406022
Abstract:
The importance of study of seismic behavior of connection joints in precast concrete frame structures is described． Progress of investigation on seismic behavior of connection joints in precast concrete frame structures is introduced，including prestressed splicing joints; assembled monolithic joints; assembled joints etc． Seismic behavior of different joints is studied． The calculation models of different connection joints are introduced． The design code and design method of connection joints at home and abroad are also introduced． It is suggested that much attention should be paid to future research on the seismic behavior and construction measures of energy dissipation connection joints．
The importance of study of seismic behavior of connection joints in precast concrete frame structures is described． Progress of investigation on seismic behavior of connection joints in precast concrete frame structures is introduced，including prestressed splicing joints; assembled monolithic joints; assembled joints etc． Seismic behavior of different joints is studied． The calculation models of different connection joints are introduced． The design code and design method of connection joints at home and abroad are also introduced． It is suggested that much attention should be paid to future research on the seismic behavior and construction measures of energy dissipation connection joints．
2014, 44(06): 101-107.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406023
Abstract:
Power transmission tower-line system is an important power engineering facility，and its security directly affects the normal operation of the power system． The wind load is considered to be one of the main factors threatening its safety． Therefore，it is very important to ensure its safety under wind load． The paper briefly introduced the current development of power transmission tower-line system and the wind-induced collapses of transmission line in recent years． Then，it was described that the researches on wind-rain resistance of power transmission tower-line system according to analysis model，wind-rain resistance study，wind vibration control and wind tunnel test． Finally， the problems in view of wind-rain resistance of transmission tower-line system for further study were proposed．
Power transmission tower-line system is an important power engineering facility，and its security directly affects the normal operation of the power system． The wind load is considered to be one of the main factors threatening its safety． Therefore，it is very important to ensure its safety under wind load． The paper briefly introduced the current development of power transmission tower-line system and the wind-induced collapses of transmission line in recent years． Then，it was described that the researches on wind-rain resistance of power transmission tower-line system according to analysis model，wind-rain resistance study，wind vibration control and wind tunnel test． Finally， the problems in view of wind-rain resistance of transmission tower-line system for further study were proposed．
2014, 44(06): 108-111.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406024
Abstract:
The paper explained industrialization of residential buildings and some problems，and also analysed the industrialized，assembled and the the seismic performance characteristics etc，of modularization buildings and it was pointed out that modular buildings could be used as one of important strategic measures to improve technical level of construction in China．
The paper explained industrialization of residential buildings and some problems，and also analysed the industrialized，assembled and the the seismic performance characteristics etc，of modularization buildings and it was pointed out that modular buildings could be used as one of important strategic measures to improve technical level of construction in China．
2014, 44(06): 112-116.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406025
Abstract:
The steel tube structures are widely applied in building engineering because of their excellent mechanical properties． The design of the joints is an important part of the whole steel structure． An innovative test setup was developed and full scale experiments on 9 bottom chord splice joints with variable cross-section were fulfilled． The failure load and failure mode of those joints were obtained． Based on the rational simplified material nonlinearity and constraint condition，finite element model of the joints was established and solved． Comparing the experimental results with finite element analysis results，some beneficial conclusions were got．
The steel tube structures are widely applied in building engineering because of their excellent mechanical properties． The design of the joints is an important part of the whole steel structure． An innovative test setup was developed and full scale experiments on 9 bottom chord splice joints with variable cross-section were fulfilled． The failure load and failure mode of those joints were obtained． Based on the rational simplified material nonlinearity and constraint condition，finite element model of the joints was established and solved． Comparing the experimental results with finite element analysis results，some beneficial conclusions were got．
2014, 44(06): 122-129.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406027
Abstract:
Based on previous studies，the vertical channel stiffeners with torsional rigidity are first installed，then one transverse strip stiffener with no torsional rigidity is installed，numerous SPSWs with cross double-sided stiffeners are analyzed with finite element elastic buckling analysis method，formulas are presented to calculate SPSWsshear buckling critical stress and stiffenersthreshold rigidity． The results of calculations show that，the accuracy of the formulas is good and they are reasonably conservative; key factors affecting stiffenersthreshold rigidity are aspect ratio of panel ， the number of vertical stiffener and thickness ratio of vertical and transverse stiffeners．
Based on previous studies，the vertical channel stiffeners with torsional rigidity are first installed，then one transverse strip stiffener with no torsional rigidity is installed，numerous SPSWs with cross double-sided stiffeners are analyzed with finite element elastic buckling analysis method，formulas are presented to calculate SPSWsshear buckling critical stress and stiffenersthreshold rigidity． The results of calculations show that，the accuracy of the formulas is good and they are reasonably conservative; key factors affecting stiffenersthreshold rigidity are aspect ratio of panel ， the number of vertical stiffener and thickness ratio of vertical and transverse stiffeners．
2014, 44(06): 130-134.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406028
Abstract:
The regular triangular spatial trusses and single-layer cylindrical reticulated shells are integrated into a new roof structure of wave shape，which can give full play to the advantages of the two structures． By analyzing the calculation results of structural design，the structure has a weak seismic response，and through the static calculation the internal force of each bar on the structure greater than that under small earthquakes，strength and stiffness is mainly decided by the static calculation． On the basis of design for the new structure，dynamic elastic-plasticity， linear buckling and nonlinear buckling of considering the initial defects are analysed by using SAP 2000 and ANSYS． The structure has a small amount of plastic hinge under rare earthquake，thus presentingbeam hinge failure mechanism，which satisfies the requirement of ductility design，elastic-plastic displacement angle can satisfy the requirements of the specification，the structure has good anti-seismic performance． The structure shows local buckling in the middle of reticulated shell under stability analysis，and has higher stability bearing capacity． The weak parts of the structure in the design should be strengthened．
The regular triangular spatial trusses and single-layer cylindrical reticulated shells are integrated into a new roof structure of wave shape，which can give full play to the advantages of the two structures． By analyzing the calculation results of structural design，the structure has a weak seismic response，and through the static calculation the internal force of each bar on the structure greater than that under small earthquakes，strength and stiffness is mainly decided by the static calculation． On the basis of design for the new structure，dynamic elastic-plasticity， linear buckling and nonlinear buckling of considering the initial defects are analysed by using SAP 2000 and ANSYS． The structure has a small amount of plastic hinge under rare earthquake，thus presentingbeam hinge failure mechanism，which satisfies the requirement of ductility design，elastic-plastic displacement angle can satisfy the requirements of the specification，the structure has good anti-seismic performance． The structure shows local buckling in the middle of reticulated shell under stability analysis，and has higher stability bearing capacity． The weak parts of the structure in the design should be strengthened．
2014, 44(06): 135-138.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406029
Abstract:
In recent years，earthquakes treatmently occur，the new seismic code has been developed，the seismic analysis and identification of reinforcement were needed for the existing gyms built before the promulgation of new seismic code． Meanwhile，the gyms have gradually become an important place of refuge due to their large space and a number of people can be accommodated，therefore，carrying out dynamic analysis and seismic reinforcement research on the existing gyms has a great significance to the building which may become a seismic regional emergency shelter． In the assessment process after the Wenchuan earthquake，some problems occurred in existing steel building designs，such as poor seismic performance，large tilt of the steel columns，serious corrosion of the structure corrosion etc． The column-and-braces impaction on the entire structure was researched by the time history analysis of an existing typical steel gymnasium，that is Pengshan Gym，before and after reinforcement of the structure，the importance of lateral support in large span steel structure gyms was demonstrated． Then a simple and effective ways to seismic reinforcement of the existing gyms are pointed out．
In recent years，earthquakes treatmently occur，the new seismic code has been developed，the seismic analysis and identification of reinforcement were needed for the existing gyms built before the promulgation of new seismic code． Meanwhile，the gyms have gradually become an important place of refuge due to their large space and a number of people can be accommodated，therefore，carrying out dynamic analysis and seismic reinforcement research on the existing gyms has a great significance to the building which may become a seismic regional emergency shelter． In the assessment process after the Wenchuan earthquake，some problems occurred in existing steel building designs，such as poor seismic performance，large tilt of the steel columns，serious corrosion of the structure corrosion etc． The column-and-braces impaction on the entire structure was researched by the time history analysis of an existing typical steel gymnasium，that is Pengshan Gym，before and after reinforcement of the structure，the importance of lateral support in large span steel structure gyms was demonstrated． Then a simple and effective ways to seismic reinforcement of the existing gyms are pointed out．
2014, 44(06): 139-142.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406030
Abstract:
The site detection，structural calculation and analysis of a single floor and span double way gradient bent frame structure plant were carried out，then the major problem was discovered that the carrying capacity of the reinforced concrete column dissatisfy the code requirement，and the reliability was confirmed to be class 4，which could not be used normally，so the measures should be taken to strengthen the plant． Through many schemes comparing， steel-encased strengthening technique was adopted to reinforce the concrete column，some defects were repaired，and excellent strengthening effect was got． After disposing，the plants reliability was confirmed to be class l，which can satisfy the normal use requirement，and the plant avoided rebuilding，and abundant social resources were saved．
The site detection，structural calculation and analysis of a single floor and span double way gradient bent frame structure plant were carried out，then the major problem was discovered that the carrying capacity of the reinforced concrete column dissatisfy the code requirement，and the reliability was confirmed to be class 4，which could not be used normally，so the measures should be taken to strengthen the plant． Through many schemes comparing， steel-encased strengthening technique was adopted to reinforce the concrete column，some defects were repaired，and excellent strengthening effect was got． After disposing，the plants reliability was confirmed to be class l，which can satisfy the normal use requirement，and the plant avoided rebuilding，and abundant social resources were saved．
2014, 44(06): 143-145.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406031
Abstract:
Building and environment is the material carrier of campus culture，but also is the material carrier with the education function，and its role in the school campus cultural construction is very clear． Through the experience in the process of design of Jiangsu Zhiyuan School new campus building and environment，it was indicated that in the middle school campus planning design，architecture and environment should be used to highlight the connotation of campus culture and embody the characteristics of campus space and culture，which is the problem worth researching by every architect．
Building and environment is the material carrier of campus culture，but also is the material carrier with the education function，and its role in the school campus cultural construction is very clear． Through the experience in the process of design of Jiangsu Zhiyuan School new campus building and environment，it was indicated that in the middle school campus planning design，architecture and environment should be used to highlight the connotation of campus culture and embody the characteristics of campus space and culture，which is the problem worth researching by every architect．
2014, 44(06): 146-149.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406032
Abstract:
Sustainable development of resource-exhausted city is seriously constrained and transformation has become a pressing matter of the moment． For the resource-based city，because of the pressure of adjustment and upgrade of industrial structure，many industrial enterprises have ceased to product or begin to do transformations． Based on economic interests，many industrial heritages are disappearing． In the paper，do operations Pingdingshan city of Henan Province is taken as an example to explore the protection of industrial heritages in resource-exhausted cities． At last，some concrete measures and suggestions are put forward in order to provide enlightenment for the relevant research．
Sustainable development of resource-exhausted city is seriously constrained and transformation has become a pressing matter of the moment． For the resource-based city，because of the pressure of adjustment and upgrade of industrial structure，many industrial enterprises have ceased to product or begin to do transformations． Based on economic interests，many industrial heritages are disappearing． In the paper，do operations Pingdingshan city of Henan Province is taken as an example to explore the protection of industrial heritages in resource-exhausted cities． At last，some concrete measures and suggestions are put forward in order to provide enlightenment for the relevant research．
2014, 44(06): 150-153.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406033
Abstract:
Combined with technical characteristics of composite light-weight building system and engineering application of light-weight composite shearwall，it was presente that the technical structures，material properties， system design and construction points of light-weight composite shearwall thermal insulation system．
Combined with technical characteristics of composite light-weight building system and engineering application of light-weight composite shearwall，it was presente that the technical structures，material properties， system design and construction points of light-weight composite shearwall thermal insulation system．
2014, 44(06): 154-157.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406034
Abstract:
Because of the safety and economic practicality，the combination support system of soil nailing wall with composite pile-anchor has been more widely used in deep excavation supporting project． In order to do further investigation of the deformation extent of this complex support system in deep excavation construction process，the law of development，and the impact on the surrounding environment，the deformation of the excavation was systematically monitored． Combined with theoretical calculations，a comparative analysis of monitoring data was carried out． A valuable basis was provided for the deformation forecast in the design stage of the support system．
Because of the safety and economic practicality，the combination support system of soil nailing wall with composite pile-anchor has been more widely used in deep excavation supporting project． In order to do further investigation of the deformation extent of this complex support system in deep excavation construction process，the law of development，and the impact on the surrounding environment，the deformation of the excavation was systematically monitored． Combined with theoretical calculations，a comparative analysis of monitoring data was carried out． A valuable basis was provided for the deformation forecast in the design stage of the support system．
2014, 44(06): 158-162.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201406035
Abstract:
The entrance as a basic element of the building，contains the functions，moral ＆ aesthetics values，and presents variable images． It is always the focus of the building，and the joint point of the passenger flows． The transport building complex is breaking the comparatively frozen status and is transforming into a dynamic ＆ open system constituted of multiple layers ＆ elements． With the introduction of the transport features，the cohesion of space ＆ function does not only exist in the outer forms of the building，but also emerges into different parts of the transport complex． It is explored the layered transition space，features，space orientation ＆ implications resulted from the converged ＆ softened internal ＆ external interfaces，based on stereo，plane and building forms of the entrance space．
The entrance as a basic element of the building，contains the functions，moral ＆ aesthetics values，and presents variable images． It is always the focus of the building，and the joint point of the passenger flows． The transport building complex is breaking the comparatively frozen status and is transforming into a dynamic ＆ open system constituted of multiple layers ＆ elements． With the introduction of the transport features，the cohesion of space ＆ function does not only exist in the outer forms of the building，but also emerges into different parts of the transport complex． It is explored the layered transition space，features，space orientation ＆ implications resulted from the converged ＆ softened internal ＆ external interfaces，based on stereo，plane and building forms of the entrance space．
