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2006 Vol. 36, No. 8
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2006, 36(8): 1-5.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608001
Abstract:
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.The durability of saturating resin which is one of components of fiber reinforced polymer and adhesive material of FRP and concrete,affects the property of FRP reinforced structure.The accelerated and outdoor exposure experiments of the durability of two kinds of resins were carried out,and the relationship between them was analyzed and calculated.The results showed that the influence on the durability of the resin caused by combination of each factor of outdoor exposure was more serious than that caused by single accelerated factor.
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.The durability of saturating resin which is one of components of fiber reinforced polymer and adhesive material of FRP and concrete,affects the property of FRP reinforced structure.The accelerated and outdoor exposure experiments of the durability of two kinds of resins were carried out,and the relationship between them was analyzed and calculated.The results showed that the influence on the durability of the resin caused by combination of each factor of outdoor exposure was more serious than that caused by single accelerated factor.
2006, 36(8): 6-9.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608002
Abstract:
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.On the basis of the experiments of durability of FRP,saturating resin and adhesive behavior of CFRP and concrete,a theoretical evaluation method was proposed.The models of nominal mechanical performance of FRP under single and compound accelerated experiments were established for the evaluation method.The single and compound accelerated factors were proposed and calculated when analyzed the relationship between the results of the accelerated and outdoor exposure experiments.The mapping from the unknown material to the known material was established through nominal mechanical performance average deterioration rate to evaluate the durability of the unknown material.
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.On the basis of the experiments of durability of FRP,saturating resin and adhesive behavior of CFRP and concrete,a theoretical evaluation method was proposed.The models of nominal mechanical performance of FRP under single and compound accelerated experiments were established for the evaluation method.The single and compound accelerated factors were proposed and calculated when analyzed the relationship between the results of the accelerated and outdoor exposure experiments.The mapping from the unknown material to the known material was established through nominal mechanical performance average deterioration rate to evaluate the durability of the unknown material.
2006, 36(8): 10-12.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608003
Abstract:
It is studied the basic mechanical behaviour of FRP-concrete interface in the sea water environment.It was studied the interface behaviour of concrete coupon bonded with different CFRP sheets in different cases.And the variance law of the interface behaviour in the sea water environment was also obtained.
It is studied the basic mechanical behaviour of FRP-concrete interface in the sea water environment.It was studied the interface behaviour of concrete coupon bonded with different CFRP sheets in different cases.And the variance law of the interface behaviour in the sea water environment was also obtained.
2006, 36(8): 13-15.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608004
Abstract:
It is studied the basic mechanical behaviour of resin in the sea water environment.Fifty sheets of the resin were put into sea water in laboratory while doing tensile tests at intervals.It was obtained the variance law of their strength, Youngs modulus and extensibility.At last,their strength-model was got and strength-formula was proposed.The results suggest that the corrosion by sea water has greater effect on resins.
It is studied the basic mechanical behaviour of resin in the sea water environment.Fifty sheets of the resin were put into sea water in laboratory while doing tensile tests at intervals.It was obtained the variance law of their strength, Youngs modulus and extensibility.At last,their strength-model was got and strength-formula was proposed.The results suggest that the corrosion by sea water has greater effect on resins.
2006, 36(8): 16-17.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608005
Abstract:
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.The durability of saturating resin which is one of components of fiber reinforced polymer and adhesive material of FRP and concrete,affects the property of FRP reinforced structures.Wet-dry cycling is one of the factors which influences the durability of resin.The durability of two types of resin caused by wet-dry cycling was studied in this article.The change tendency of mechanical behavior of the resin was investigated and the test results were analyzed.The results showed that the change tendency of mechanical behavior of two types of resin was different under the same wet-dry cyching condition.
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.The durability of saturating resin which is one of components of fiber reinforced polymer and adhesive material of FRP and concrete,affects the property of FRP reinforced structures.Wet-dry cycling is one of the factors which influences the durability of resin.The durability of two types of resin caused by wet-dry cycling was studied in this article.The change tendency of mechanical behavior of the resin was investigated and the test results were analyzed.The results showed that the change tendency of mechanical behavior of two types of resin was different under the same wet-dry cyching condition.
2006, 36(8): 18-20.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608006
Abstract:
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.The durability of adhesive property between CFRP and concrete is as important as that of FRP.Light aging(especially UV light) is one of the factors that influences the durability of adhesive property of CFRP and concrete.The influence of UV light on tow kinds of the adhesive specimens of FRP and concrete bonding property was conducted.The change tendency of mechanical behavior of CFRP and concrete was investigated and the test results were analyzed.The adhesive properties of CFRP and concrete with and without protected were comparion.The results showed that the influence of UV light on adhesive property was great,and protection can slow the deterioration of adhesive strength of CFRP and concrete.
With the wide use of FRP strengthened structures,the problem of their durability has been highlighted and concerned.The durability of adhesive property between CFRP and concrete is as important as that of FRP.Light aging(especially UV light) is one of the factors that influences the durability of adhesive property of CFRP and concrete.The influence of UV light on tow kinds of the adhesive specimens of FRP and concrete bonding property was conducted.The change tendency of mechanical behavior of CFRP and concrete was investigated and the test results were analyzed.The adhesive properties of CFRP and concrete with and without protected were comparion.The results showed that the influence of UV light on adhesive property was great,and protection can slow the deterioration of adhesive strength of CFRP and concrete.
2006, 36(8): 21-23,96.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608007
Abstract:
Based on classification and the type,fire hazard characteristic of large-space buildings,performance-based fire protection design is put forward according to their development in China.It is explored that the background,advantages,basic steps and structurall system of performance-based fire protection design.
Based on classification and the type,fire hazard characteristic of large-space buildings,performance-based fire protection design is put forward according to their development in China.It is explored that the background,advantages,basic steps and structurall system of performance-based fire protection design.
2006, 36(8): 24-26,41.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608008
Abstract:
Value engineering is a kind of soft science developed from how to make full use of the resources,and it is an effective way to advance the value of products.It is analysed that the necessity,feasibility and rationality of adapting VE principles to the design of energy conservation in building.It is also illustrated the dialectical relationship among the investment on energy conservation in building,the expenses of making use of it and its life cycle cost.Comparing the value of space enclosing structure of common building with that of energy conservation in building(F/C) by analyzing some cases,it is finally put forward some effective ways to implement energy conservation in building, so as to apply VE principle to design energy conservation in building.
Value engineering is a kind of soft science developed from how to make full use of the resources,and it is an effective way to advance the value of products.It is analysed that the necessity,feasibility and rationality of adapting VE principles to the design of energy conservation in building.It is also illustrated the dialectical relationship among the investment on energy conservation in building,the expenses of making use of it and its life cycle cost.Comparing the value of space enclosing structure of common building with that of energy conservation in building(F/C) by analyzing some cases,it is finally put forward some effective ways to implement energy conservation in building, so as to apply VE principle to design energy conservation in building.
2006, 36(8): 27-28,81.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608009
Abstract:
In order to make the indoor thermal environment better and reduce the energy consumption of buildings,the Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone has been published by Ministry of Construction of China in 2001 and two methods to evaluate whether the buildings is the energy efficient one or not,have also been proposed.A typical building model is adopted to make the energy efficiency design by using the two evaluation methods above and the economical analysis are also studied in this paper.The results show that using the performance index evaluation method can make the design on the economical and energy efficiency better.
In order to make the indoor thermal environment better and reduce the energy consumption of buildings,the Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone has been published by Ministry of Construction of China in 2001 and two methods to evaluate whether the buildings is the energy efficient one or not,have also been proposed.A typical building model is adopted to make the energy efficiency design by using the two evaluation methods above and the economical analysis are also studied in this paper.The results show that using the performance index evaluation method can make the design on the economical and energy efficiency better.
2006, 36(8): 29-32,67.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608010
Abstract:
CFRP cables have been widely used in different structures.The resistance to corrosion and chemical attack,high strength-to-weight ratio,and ease of handling of these cables make them a better alternative to steel cables in some applications of stayed bridges.But how to anchor the CFRP cables is the biggest obstacle for CFRP cables.To start on material of CFRP cables,tensile test for CFRP cables is done to validate the short-dated characters such as elastic modulus and the utmost tensile intensity.The reason of the components in the test has been analyzed,and through testing the anchoring capacities of the bond-tape anchorage system,it was compared the pullout weight in case of different bonded length,different shapes of anchor and different stuff,and then the factors influencing bond performance were also obtained.
CFRP cables have been widely used in different structures.The resistance to corrosion and chemical attack,high strength-to-weight ratio,and ease of handling of these cables make them a better alternative to steel cables in some applications of stayed bridges.But how to anchor the CFRP cables is the biggest obstacle for CFRP cables.To start on material of CFRP cables,tensile test for CFRP cables is done to validate the short-dated characters such as elastic modulus and the utmost tensile intensity.The reason of the components in the test has been analyzed,and through testing the anchoring capacities of the bond-tape anchorage system,it was compared the pullout weight in case of different bonded length,different shapes of anchor and different stuff,and then the factors influencing bond performance were also obtained.
2006, 36(8): 33-35,12.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608011
Abstract:
The finite element analysis(FEA) program ANSYS is used to analyse 20 000m3 oil tank.It is calculated the seismic response of loop and vertical stresses of tank wall and base moment with change in liquid height in tank.So seismic properties are analyzed,and compared with code and simplified measures to testify its validity.It is shown from the results that seasonally frozen ground evidently influences site dynamical characteristics and seismic security of tank.On non_frozen ground the tank is secure both on basic intensity and rare intensity,while on frozen ground the tank is secure on basic intensity and is not secure on rare intensity.
The finite element analysis(FEA) program ANSYS is used to analyse 20 000m3 oil tank.It is calculated the seismic response of loop and vertical stresses of tank wall and base moment with change in liquid height in tank.So seismic properties are analyzed,and compared with code and simplified measures to testify its validity.It is shown from the results that seasonally frozen ground evidently influences site dynamical characteristics and seismic security of tank.On non_frozen ground the tank is secure both on basic intensity and rare intensity,while on frozen ground the tank is secure on basic intensity and is not secure on rare intensity.
2006, 36(8): 36-38,49.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608012
Abstract:
According to the deformation mechanism of soil_structure interface,four types of stress_strain curves are summarized.A dilatancy equation and its corresponding dilatancy function are established to simulate the dilatancy behavior of soil_structure interface.It is shown that the new dilatancy function can describe the dilatancy behavior well.
According to the deformation mechanism of soil_structure interface,four types of stress_strain curves are summarized.A dilatancy equation and its corresponding dilatancy function are established to simulate the dilatancy behavior of soil_structure interface.It is shown that the new dilatancy function can describe the dilatancy behavior well.
2006, 36(8): 39-41.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608013
Abstract:
Based on analyzing the restriction of foundation on the wallboard of reinforced concrete,a silmplified theoretical model is founded;a calculating formula of the restriction of foundation on the wallboard of reinforced concrete is got and the correctness of the formula is also validated
Based on analyzing the restriction of foundation on the wallboard of reinforced concrete,a silmplified theoretical model is founded;a calculating formula of the restriction of foundation on the wallboard of reinforced concrete is got and the correctness of the formula is also validated
2006, 36(8): 42-44.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608014
Abstract:
Based on the inquisitional results of large quantity of constructions in Zhejiang and neighbor regions,the statistics analysis of carbonization depth of concrete in the same environment and the same strength grade was done.Thus the probabilistic model is established for concrete carbonization.From all the results,it can offer the basis to durability analysis of concrete constructions.
Based on the inquisitional results of large quantity of constructions in Zhejiang and neighbor regions,the statistics analysis of carbonization depth of concrete in the same environment and the same strength grade was done.Thus the probabilistic model is established for concrete carbonization.From all the results,it can offer the basis to durability analysis of concrete constructions.
2006, 36(8): 45-49.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608015
Abstract:
An experimental research project was carried out to determine the modulus of rupture,splitting tensile and compressive strengths of steel fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC) ever loaded at early ages.The specimens were first subjected to a load nondestructively at early ages and their strengths were then tested at age of 28 days.The effects of the age and the stress level of the early loading,as well as the contents of steel fibers,were investigated.The test results were then compared with those for plain concrete specimens.It shows that the early-age loading decreases the 28-day strengths of SFRC and this unfavorable effect is smaller than that for plain concrete because of steel fibers.With the increase of the contents of steel fibers,the 28-day strengths of SFRC influenced by early-age loading can be significantly improved,especially for the modulus of rupture and the splitting tensile strength.This is a useful measure in engineering practice to avoid severe weakening of concrete when it has to be heavily loaded at very early ages.
An experimental research project was carried out to determine the modulus of rupture,splitting tensile and compressive strengths of steel fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC) ever loaded at early ages.The specimens were first subjected to a load nondestructively at early ages and their strengths were then tested at age of 28 days.The effects of the age and the stress level of the early loading,as well as the contents of steel fibers,were investigated.The test results were then compared with those for plain concrete specimens.It shows that the early-age loading decreases the 28-day strengths of SFRC and this unfavorable effect is smaller than that for plain concrete because of steel fibers.With the increase of the contents of steel fibers,the 28-day strengths of SFRC influenced by early-age loading can be significantly improved,especially for the modulus of rupture and the splitting tensile strength.This is a useful measure in engineering practice to avoid severe weakening of concrete when it has to be heavily loaded at very early ages.
2006, 36(8): 50-53,44.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608016
Abstract:
The specimens of concrete core with a diameter of 100mm were drilled from different elements of the dock in Qingdao Beihai Dockyard.The content of calcium carbonate in carbonation zone and chloride distribution from the specimens ware measured.The influence of materials and environments on carbonation and chloride distribution were analyzed.The test results show that the carbonation rate is slow in extremely humid environment,and the incomplete carbonation zone is dominant in carbonation zone,the depth of carbonation tends to a limit.The distribution of chloride ions is influenced evidently by local environment conditions,which can make the depth of convection zone changing widely.
The specimens of concrete core with a diameter of 100mm were drilled from different elements of the dock in Qingdao Beihai Dockyard.The content of calcium carbonate in carbonation zone and chloride distribution from the specimens ware measured.The influence of materials and environments on carbonation and chloride distribution were analyzed.The test results show that the carbonation rate is slow in extremely humid environment,and the incomplete carbonation zone is dominant in carbonation zone,the depth of carbonation tends to a limit.The distribution of chloride ions is influenced evidently by local environment conditions,which can make the depth of convection zone changing widely.
2006, 36(8): 54-55,58.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608017
Abstract:
A new acrylate anchor bolt has been developed,whose basic formulation was determined by studying the effects of monomer/copolymer ratio(mass ratio),type of premoter and its dosage,curing agent and its dosage ect.on gelling time.The property of the new anchor bolt was also compared with that of unsaturated resin anchor bolt.The new anchor bolt features high activity,fast curing,excellent anchoring force and having no pollution to environment.
A new acrylate anchor bolt has been developed,whose basic formulation was determined by studying the effects of monomer/copolymer ratio(mass ratio),type of premoter and its dosage,curing agent and its dosage ect.on gelling time.The property of the new anchor bolt was also compared with that of unsaturated resin anchor bolt.The new anchor bolt features high activity,fast curing,excellent anchoring force and having no pollution to environment.
2006, 36(8): 59-63,100.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608019
Abstract:
The approaches to structural vibration control of civil engineering are summarized. The theory and application of the four approaches including passive control, active control, semi active control and hybrid control are introduced, and the Benchmark Problem is also introduced. In the end, the development trend is discussed.
The approaches to structural vibration control of civil engineering are summarized. The theory and application of the four approaches including passive control, active control, semi active control and hybrid control are introduced, and the Benchmark Problem is also introduced. In the end, the development trend is discussed.
2006, 36(8): 64-67.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608020
Abstract:
The experimental results of 5 full scale overlapped CHS K-joints subjected to axial load are compared with those of finite element models.Using the finite-element study as a platform,it is studied that the effect of faying rate on the failure mode and ultimate bearing capacity of the overlapped K-joints.Difference of mechanics capability between parallel K-joints and planar K-joints is also discussed.Finally,some useful conclusions are got.
The experimental results of 5 full scale overlapped CHS K-joints subjected to axial load are compared with those of finite element models.Using the finite-element study as a platform,it is studied that the effect of faying rate on the failure mode and ultimate bearing capacity of the overlapped K-joints.Difference of mechanics capability between parallel K-joints and planar K-joints is also discussed.Finally,some useful conclusions are got.
2006, 36(8): 68-70,20.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608021
Abstract:
By testing of 5 different high strength steel-reinforced concrete frame joints under low cyclic reversed load,the hysteretic behavior of the joints was ascertained.The hysteretic behaviors of the frame joints of steel-reinforced high strength concrete were analyzed using ANSYS and the comparison between experimental study and theoretical analysis.
By testing of 5 different high strength steel-reinforced concrete frame joints under low cyclic reversed load,the hysteretic behavior of the joints was ascertained.The hysteretic behaviors of the frame joints of steel-reinforced high strength concrete were analyzed using ANSYS and the comparison between experimental study and theoretical analysis.
2006, 36(8): 71-73.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608022
Abstract:
The model of integral steel framed structures is built.Finite element method is used to perform numerical simulation of integral structures under fire.Elasto-plastic analysis of thermal stress and deformation is carried out.As a result,the deformation,stress contours as well as the curves of inner force and deflection varying with time are obtained.The behavior of integral structures under different restrained conditions and protection measures are also compared.An approach to numerical simulation is developed for fire-resistant design based on integral structures.
The model of integral steel framed structures is built.Finite element method is used to perform numerical simulation of integral structures under fire.Elasto-plastic analysis of thermal stress and deformation is carried out.As a result,the deformation,stress contours as well as the curves of inner force and deflection varying with time are obtained.The behavior of integral structures under different restrained conditions and protection measures are also compared.An approach to numerical simulation is developed for fire-resistant design based on integral structures.
2006, 36(8): 74-77.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608023
Abstract:
The thermal field of steel-concrete composite columns under fire is analyzed by finite element analysis software ANSYS and the distributing circumstance of section thermal field is gotten.The calculated results agree well with those of tests and the achievements make it possible to study further the mechanical performance of steel-concrete composite structures at high temperature.
The thermal field of steel-concrete composite columns under fire is analyzed by finite element analysis software ANSYS and the distributing circumstance of section thermal field is gotten.The calculated results agree well with those of tests and the achievements make it possible to study further the mechanical performance of steel-concrete composite structures at high temperature.
2006, 36(8): 78-81.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608024
Abstract:
It is generally considered that the seismic response of Arched Corrugated Metal Roof(ACMR) is not the control factor of structure design because of its light dead weight,but the conclusion has not been verified.It is also analyzed the dynamic time-history response of ACMR by programming the FEA program using Wilson method and Newmark method,and the conclusion above is testified.
It is generally considered that the seismic response of Arched Corrugated Metal Roof(ACMR) is not the control factor of structure design because of its light dead weight,but the conclusion has not been verified.It is also analyzed the dynamic time-history response of ACMR by programming the FEA program using Wilson method and Newmark method,and the conclusion above is testified.
2006, 36(8): 82-85.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608025
Abstract:
Based on the experimental research of six high-strength shale ceramsite concrete beams and two normal density concrete beams,the calculation method of carrying capacity of normal section of high-strength shale ceramsite concrete beams was put forward.Based on the coefficient of internal force couple arm and coefficient of non-uniform distribution of longitudinal bar strain which were obtained from the experimental data,the calculation methods of bending rigidity of section,deflection and crack width of high-strength shale ceramsite concrete beams were put forward.The results may be referenced for revising relevant specifications and practical engineering.
Based on the experimental research of six high-strength shale ceramsite concrete beams and two normal density concrete beams,the calculation method of carrying capacity of normal section of high-strength shale ceramsite concrete beams was put forward.Based on the coefficient of internal force couple arm and coefficient of non-uniform distribution of longitudinal bar strain which were obtained from the experimental data,the calculation methods of bending rigidity of section,deflection and crack width of high-strength shale ceramsite concrete beams were put forward.The results may be referenced for revising relevant specifications and practical engineering.
2006, 36(8): 86-88.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608026
Abstract:
Based on the experimental research on carrying capacity of normal section of eight reinforced high-strength concrete beams(Six were made of lightweight aggregate concrete and two were made of normal density concrete.),calculation method of carrying capacity of normal section on lightweight aggregate concrete beams was put forward.Based on the analysis on the experimental data on shear capacity of inclined section of one hundred and ten lightweight aggregate concrete beams,calculation formulae of shear capacity of inclined section on lightweight aggregate concrete beams were put forward.It presented the basis for compiling Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Structures.
Based on the experimental research on carrying capacity of normal section of eight reinforced high-strength concrete beams(Six were made of lightweight aggregate concrete and two were made of normal density concrete.),calculation method of carrying capacity of normal section on lightweight aggregate concrete beams was put forward.Based on the analysis on the experimental data on shear capacity of inclined section of one hundred and ten lightweight aggregate concrete beams,calculation formulae of shear capacity of inclined section on lightweight aggregate concrete beams were put forward.It presented the basis for compiling Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Structures.
2006, 36(8): 89-91,77.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608027
Abstract:
High capability ferrocement mortar was applied in reinforcing a RC frame beam.Strengthening plan is introduced based on the strengthening project.Construction technology and quality controlling method are then emphasized on the RC frame beam reinforced by high capability ferrocement mortar.The strengthening effect is good by monitoring during the process of repair and observation after construction,therefore the strengthening technology is valid.
High capability ferrocement mortar was applied in reinforcing a RC frame beam.Strengthening plan is introduced based on the strengthening project.Construction technology and quality controlling method are then emphasized on the RC frame beam reinforced by high capability ferrocement mortar.The strengthening effect is good by monitoring during the process of repair and observation after construction,therefore the strengthening technology is valid.
2006, 36(8): 92-94,88.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608028
Abstract:
Rehabilitation of members by composite cover of wire mesh and polymer mortar is a new method of structural strengthening with the advantages of resistance to fire,corrosion and ageing.Two beam-column joints strengthened by composite cover of high strength wire cable mesh and polymer mortar,and one un-strengthened joint are tested under low-cycle reversed load.The effect of different rehabilitation schemes on the shear-resistance capacity of the joint and the strengthening mechanism are analyzed.The results show that the beam-column joints strengthened with wire cable mesh and polymer mortar are beneficial to the shear capacity and seismic behavior of the joints.
Rehabilitation of members by composite cover of wire mesh and polymer mortar is a new method of structural strengthening with the advantages of resistance to fire,corrosion and ageing.Two beam-column joints strengthened by composite cover of high strength wire cable mesh and polymer mortar,and one un-strengthened joint are tested under low-cycle reversed load.The effect of different rehabilitation schemes on the shear-resistance capacity of the joint and the strengthening mechanism are analyzed.The results show that the beam-column joints strengthened with wire cable mesh and polymer mortar are beneficial to the shear capacity and seismic behavior of the joints.
2006, 36(8): 95-96.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608029
Abstract:
In view of influence of reinforced concrete downslab-beam web stress state on structure safety,it is proposed a suggestion on stirrup of reinforced concrete downslab-beam and it is also listed the table of stirrup maximum spacings for common materials and normal width of beam,which provides experience for engineering practive.
In view of influence of reinforced concrete downslab-beam web stress state on structure safety,it is proposed a suggestion on stirrup of reinforced concrete downslab-beam and it is also listed the table of stirrup maximum spacings for common materials and normal width of beam,which provides experience for engineering practive.
2006, 36(8): 97-99.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200608030
Abstract:
Based on the analysis of relationship between the industrial spatial patterns on rural-urban fringes and urban landscape ecological construction,it is argued that these patterns are the important factors to the landscape ecological systems on rural-urban fringes,which have impacts on urban landscape ecological systems prominently,widely and chronically.Accordingly,a mode of such patterns constructed ecologically have been proposed,and some means approaching to corresponding targets are suggested as follows: constructing the patterns systematically,replying efficiently to the spatio-temporal evolution of rural-urban fringe,controlling broadly and chronically the patterns in advance,promoting the ecological changes of industrial enterprise of villages and towns and building relevant institution environment,etc.
Based on the analysis of relationship between the industrial spatial patterns on rural-urban fringes and urban landscape ecological construction,it is argued that these patterns are the important factors to the landscape ecological systems on rural-urban fringes,which have impacts on urban landscape ecological systems prominently,widely and chronically.Accordingly,a mode of such patterns constructed ecologically have been proposed,and some means approaching to corresponding targets are suggested as follows: constructing the patterns systematically,replying efficiently to the spatio-temporal evolution of rural-urban fringe,controlling broadly and chronically the patterns in advance,promoting the ecological changes of industrial enterprise of villages and towns and building relevant institution environment,etc.
