考虑恐慌情绪和分区引导的救援空间分配优化研究

王益; 肖昊煜; 朱佳波

doi:10.3724/j.gyjzG25080705

考虑恐慌情绪和分区引导的救援空间分配优化研究

doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG25080705

1. 合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院, 合肥 230001;
2. 安徽省徽派建筑重点实验室, 合肥 230000;
3. 合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院, 合肥 230001

基金项目:

教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目（25YJAZH179）；安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题（2024CX131）；中铁六院集团有限公司科技开发课题（重点）（ky202423）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王益，博士，副教授，主要从事城乡人居环境安全与计算性设计方面研究。电子信箱：wangyi@hfut.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-08-07
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-06

Optimization of Rescue Space Allocation Considering Panic Emotions and Zonal Guidance

1. College of Architecture and Art，Hefei University of Technology，Hefei 230001，China;
2. Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Huizhou Architecture，Hefei 230000，China;
3. College of Civil Engineering，Hefei University of Technology，Hefei 230001，China

摘要

摘要: 为探讨在紧急疏散条件下引导人员空间部署的最优策略，以提高疏散效率和控制恐慌情绪的扩散，采用改进的元胞自动机（CA）模型与遗传算法（GA）相结合的方式进行分析。首先构建了改进的考虑恐慌情绪传播及救援人员引导作用的疏散模拟模型。其次，进一步实现了遗传算法的具体模块，并设计了目标函数，用以最小化人员总疏散时间。通过在简化场景和实际商场火灾场景中应用该模型，模拟不同引导人员数量和部署位置下的疏散过程，并分析不同响应时间和出口标志的清晰程度对疏散效果的影响，最终得出最优的引导人员部署策略。研究发现，合理的引导人员空间分配、快速响应与清晰标志能够显著提高疏散效率，有效减缓恐慌蔓延与出口区域的拥堵，并提出了在实际疏散管理中优化资源配置的具体建议。
- 恐慌情绪 /
- 救援空间分配 /
- 遗传算法 /
- 仿真模拟 /
- 救助者
Abstract: This study aims to explore how optimizing the spatial deployment of guidance personnel during emergency evacuations can improve evacuation efficiency and curb the spread of panic. An improved cellular automaton （CA） model， combined with a genetic algorithm （GA）， was employed for the analysis. An evacuation simulation model was constructed that incorporates both panic propagation and the guiding effect of rescue personnel. The GA module was further implemented with a designed objective function to minimize the total evacuation time. The model was applied to both simplified scenarios and a real shopping mall fire scenario to simulate evacuation processes under different numbers and spatial distributions of guidance personnel. The effects of response time and exit signage clarity on evacuation performance were also analyzed. The results indicate that a rational spatial allocation of guidance personnel， rapid response， and clear signage can significantly enhance evacuation efficiency， effectively mitigate panic propagation and congestion near exits， and provide practical recommendations for optimizing resource allocation in real-world evacuation management.
- panic emotion /
- rescue space allocation /
- genetic algorithm /
- simulation modeling /
- rescue personnel

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