A Tolerance Allocation Optimization Method of Multifunctional Integrated Composite Exterior Wall Panel Driuen by Comprehensive Cost Coefficient
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摘要: 针对多功能一体化复合外墙板在制作、预埋件及主体结构预埋件公差分配中的复杂问题,结合改进的遗传算法,提出了一种基于综合成本系数驱动的公差分配优化方法。根据各公差在水平向与竖直向之间的协同作用,建立了包含墙板之间纵缝、横缝和对角线的二维尺寸链分析模型;构建以综合成本系数之和最小化为目标的优化函数,确定公差及尺寸链模型的约束条件;将不同公差等级编码为染色体,随机生成初始种群,通过计算每个个体的适应度(优化函数的倒数)进行选择、交叉和变异操作,并引入精英主义原则,通过迭代得出了满足约束条件的最优公差分配方案。通过具体实例对比分析,该方法确定的分配方案较传统遗传算法降低综合成本系数11.25%,为多功能一体化复合外墙板的公差分配提供理论支撑。Abstract: Aiming at the complex problems of tolerance allocation in the manufacture, embedded parts of the main structure of multifunctional integrated composite exterior wall panel, combined with the improved genetic algorithm, a tolerance allocation optimization method driven by comprehensive cost coefficient was proposed. A two-dimensional chain analysis model including longitudinal joints, transverse joints, and diagonal lines between wallboards was established based on the synergistic effect of various tolerances in the horizontal and vertical directions. An optimization function was constructed to minimize the sum of comprehensive cost coefficients, and the constraints of tolerance and dimensional chain models were determined. Different tolerance levels were encoded as chromosomes, and the initial population was randomly generated. The selection, crossover and mutation operations were carried out by calculating the fitness of each individual (the reciprocal of the optimization function), and the elitism principle was introduced. Finally, the optimal tolerance allocation scheme satisfying the constraint conditions was obtained iteratively. Through the comparison and analysis of specific examples, the allocation scheme determined by this method can reduce the comprehensive cost coefficient by 11.25% ,compared with the traditional genetic algorithm method, and provide theoretical support for the tolerance allocation of multifunctional integrated composite exterior wall panels.
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