砂土中螺旋锚上拔承载特性研究

陈庆胜; 刘魏; 李麟鹤; 卜思凡; 屈讼昭; 张岳; 郭咏华

doi:10.3724/j.gyjzG25060702

砂土中螺旋锚上拔承载特性研究

doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG25060702

1. 国网甘肃省电力公司经济技术研究院, 兰州 730050;
2. 河南城建学院土木与交通学院, 河南平顶山 467036;
3. 中国电建集团河南省电力勘测设计院有限公司, 郑州 450199

基金项目:

河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划（2024GGJS125）；国家自然科学基金项目（52208165）；河南城建学院学术技术带头人培养项目（YCJXSJSDTR202202）；国网甘肃省电力公司2024年研究开发项目（522730240007）。

详细信息

作者简介:
陈庆胜，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事输配电线路工程设计与研究。

通讯作者:
屈讼昭，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事钢结构力学性能、微观断裂损伤机理、螺旋锚力学性能方向研究，qusongzhao@huuc.edu.cn。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-07
- 网络出版日期: 2026-08-31
- 刊出日期: 2026-07-20

Research on the Uplift Capacity Characteristics of Helical Anchors in Sand

1. State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company Economic and Technical Research Institute, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China;
3. Henan Electric Power Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Electric Power Construction Group, Zhengzhou 450199, China

摘要

摘要: 螺旋锚基础因具有原状土扰动小、环境影响低及承载力高等优势，在海洋工程、输电线路和风力发电等领域应用广泛。针对现有上拔承载力理论模型存在显著差异且适用性受限的问题，通过室内模型试验与数值模拟，研究砂土中螺旋锚的上拔特性及破坏机制，并基于DL/T 5219—2023《架空输电线路基础设计技术规范》拟合不同状态下砂土的上拔承载力系数 N_q和侧压力系数 K_u。结果表明：1）MMC（修正摩尔-库仑本构）模型较MC（摩尔-库仑本构）模型精度显著提升（试验误差<10%）；2）砂土软化效应随埋深比增大而增强，主控因素为锚盘周界应力重分布；3）荷载分配呈锚盘间距依赖性（1D间距：底/顶盘=30%/70%；2D间距：20%/80%）；4）当深径比H/D>4时，单锚呈独立破坏模式，双锚则表现为“锥形剪切-独立”复合破坏；5）承载力随深径比增长，在H/D=5~6处存在反弯点：浅埋区（H/D<5~6）增速显著，深埋区（H/D>5~6）趋缓，揭示砂土临界深径比为5~6；6）基于参数分析结果拟合的N_q系数和K_u系数，可精准预测砂土中螺旋锚的上拔承载力，为螺旋锚在工程中应用提供理论参考依据。
- 螺旋锚基础 /
- 上拔承载力 /
- 砂土软化 /
- 室内模型试验
Abstract: Helical anchors are widely employed in marine engineering， transmission line foundations， and wind turbine installations due to their advantages of minimized soil disturbance， reduced environmental footprint， and superior uplift resistance. To resolve significant inconsistencies and applicability limitations in existing theoretical models for uplift capacity prediction， this investigation combined systematic laboratory model testing with advanced numerical simulations to elucidate the uplift bearing characteristics and failure mechanisms of helical anchors in sandy soils. The uplift capacity coefficient （N_q） and lateral pressure coefficient （K_u） for varied sand states were empirically calibrated using the Chinese Technical Code for Transmission Line Foundation Design （DL/T 5219-2023）. Critical findings demonstrated that： 1） the Modified Mohr-Coulomb （MMC） constitutive model achieved >10% higher accuracy than the conventional Mohr-Coulomb （MC） model； 2） progressive soil strain-softening， governed by circumferential stress redistribution around the anchor periphery， intensified with embedment ratio （H/D）； 3） load distribution exhibited plate-spacing dependency， transitioning from 30%/70% （bottom/top plate） at 1D spacing to 20%/80% at 2D spacing； 4） at H/D > 4， single-helix anchors developed localized failure， while multi-helix systems exhibited a hybrid “conical shear-independent” failure mode； 5） uplift capacity growth featured a distinct inflection point at H/D = 5-6， with rapid enhancement in shallow embedments （H/D < 5-6） and progressive attenuation in deep embedments （H/D > 5-6）， establishing 5-6 as the critical embedment ratio for sandy soils； 6） parametrically calibrated N_q and K_u coefficients enabled high-accuracy uplift capacity predictions， providing a validated theoretical framework for helical anchor design in geotechnical practice.
- helical anchor foundation /
- uplift capacity /
- sandy soil strain-softening /
- laboratory model testing

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参考文献(34)

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