Q355和Q960钢材高温本构模型研究

刘桥; 马琳; 郭盛; 王综轶; 陈文磊

doi:10.3724/j.gyjzG25042804

Q355和Q960钢材高温本构模型研究

doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG25042804

刘桥¹,
马琳²,
郭盛¹,
王综轶^2, ,,
陈文磊²

1. 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司, 武汉 430063;
2. 华中科技大学土木与水利工程学院, 武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（52578204）；中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司重大科研课题（2022K035）。

详细信息

作者简介:
刘桥，硕士，高级工程师，主要从事结构设计方面的研究，467459536@qq.com。

通讯作者:
王综轶，博士，副教授，主要从事钢结构和新材料结构方面的研究，wangzongyi@hust.edu.cn。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-28
- 网络出版日期: 2026-11-07

Research on High-Temperature Constitutive Models of Q355 and Q960 Steels

1. China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430063, China;
2. School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究包含拉伸全过程的应力-应变曲线的Wang模型在不同钢材类型中的适用性，选取典型低合金高强度结构钢Q355钢材与高强钢Q960钢材，获取两类钢材在20 ~ 700 ℃范围内的力学性能变化规律，并基于试验建立完整反映弹性、塑性及失效阶段的高温本构模型。首先对36个材性试件开展常温及高温拉伸试验，获取材料在弹性、塑性和失效阶段的全过程应力-应变曲线，通过试验数据拟合得到弹性模量、屈服强度、抗拉强度、断裂应变等关键参数随温度变化的折减系数拟合公式，随后采用包含下降段的Wang模型构建两种钢材的高温应力-应变关系，并结合试验结果验证其适用性。结果表明：利用所提出的温度折减系数拟合公式可获取不同温度下的关键参数值，将其代入Wang模型后可获得Q355和Q960钢材在20 ~ 700 ℃时从加载到断裂全过程的应力-应变曲线，能够完整呈现材料在弹性、塑性及失效阶段的力学行为。
- 高强度钢材 /
- 高温力学性能 /
- 应力-应变曲线 /
- 本构模型 /
- 折减系数
Abstract: To investigate the applicability of the Wang model for stress-strain curves covering the entire tensile process across different steel types， typical low-alloy high-strength structural steel Q355 and high-strength steel Q960 were selected. The laws of mechanical property changes of these two steel types within the temperature range of 20 - 700 ℃ were obtained， and high-temperature constitutive models fully reflecting the elastic， plastic， and failure stages were established based on experiment data. First， tensile tests were conducted on 36 material specimens at both ambient and elevated temperatures. The complete stress-strain curves， covering elastic， plastic， and failure stages， were obtained. Based on experimental data， fitting formulas for the reduction factors of key parameters-including elastic modulus， yield strength， tensile strength， and fracture strain-were derived as functions of temperature. Subsequently， the Wang model， incorporating a descending branch， was employed to construct the high-temperature stress-strain relations for both steels， and its applicability was validated against experimental results. The findings demonstrate that the proposed temperature-dependent reduction factor formulas enable accurate determination of key mechanical parameters at varying temperatures. By integrating these parameters into the Wang model， the full-range stress-strain curves of Q355 and Q960 steels from loading to fracture （20 - 700 ℃） were successfully predicted， comprehensively capturing their elastic， plastic， and failure behaviors.
- high-strength steel /
- high-temperature mechanical properties /
- stress-strain curve /
- constitutive model /
- reduction coefficient

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