方形截面高层建筑三维双向流固耦合数值模拟研究

许家陆; 沈炼; 韩艳; 潘小旺; 周品涵; 文天真

doi:10.3724/j.gyjzG24102106

方形截面高层建筑三维双向流固耦合数值模拟研究

doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG24102106

许家陆^1,2,
沈炼^2, ,,
韩艳¹,
潘小旺²,
周品涵^1,2,
文天真¹

1. 长沙理工大学土木工程学院, 长沙 410114;
2. 长沙学院土木工程学院, 长沙 410022

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（52108433）；湖南省自然科学基金面上项目（2024JJ5049）；湖湘青年英才科技创新类项目（2023RC3192）；湖南省科技人才托举项目（2023TJ-017）；长沙理工大学实践创新与创业能力提升计划（CLSJCX23032）。

详细信息

作者简介:
许家陆，硕士，主要从事高层结构风致振动研究，CEJialuXu@foxmail.com。

通讯作者:
沈炼，副教授，主要从事结构风工程研究，shenl@ccsu.edu.cn。

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-21
- 网络出版日期: 2026-07-06

Numerical Simulation of Three-Dimensional Bidirectional Fluid-Structure Interaction for High-Rise Buildings with Square Cross-Sections

1. School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha 410022, China

摘要

摘要: 为研究高层建筑双向流固耦合风致振动问题，对宽高比为1∶10的高层建筑进行计算流体动力学（CFD）数值模拟，建立其三维有限元模型并进行模态分析，通过拟合模态坐标获取振型函数，将振型函数代入基于四阶龙格库塔法与振型叠加法的用户自定义函数（UDF）之中，得到建筑顶部横风向振动位移时程数据，并将结果与风洞试验结果进行对比，验证了计算方法的正确性。在此基础上，对比分析了双向流固耦合和单向流固耦合下建筑周围流场分布、建筑顶部横风向位移响应及建筑与流场之间的能量交互。研究表明：考虑双向流固耦合效应后，建筑尾部的涡旋脱落现象更加剧烈，涡团尺寸增大，在双向流固耦合作用下，高层建筑顶部横风向位移响应相较于刚性模型计算结果减小了约15%且与风洞试验数据更为吻合；涡激共振阶段，双向流固耦合与单向流固耦合下结构横风向振动响应时程与升力系数时程的相位差有较大差异；单向流固耦合与双向流固耦合在作用机理方面有较大差别，单向流固耦合计算结果的规律性要明显强于双向流固耦合，双向流固耦合由于结构与流场的相互作用，计算结果的随机性更强。
- 高层建筑 /
- 流固耦合 /
- 风致振动 /
- 能量传递
Abstract: To investigate the wind-induced vibrations of high-rise buildings under bidirectional fluid-structure interaction （FSI）， a Computational Fluid Dynamics （CFD） numerical simulation was conducted on a high-rise building characterized by an aspect ratio （width-to-height） of 1∶10. A three-dimensional finite element model of the building was established for modal analysis. By fitting the modal coordinates， modal shape functions were obtained. Subsequently， these modal shape functions were incorporated into a User-Defined Function （UDF） that combines the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method with the mode superposition technique. This UDF was utilized to derive the time-history data of the crosswind vibration displacement at the top of the building. The computational results were then compared with those from wind tunnel experiments， which demonstrated the validity of the computational approach employed. On this basis， a comparative analysis was conducted to examine the flow field distribution surrounding the building， the crosswind displacement response at the top of the building， and the energy interaction between the building and the flow field under both bidirectional and unidirectional FSI conditions. The results indicate that when the bidirectional FSI effect is accounted for， the vortex shedding at the building rear intensifies， accompanied by an increase in vortex size. Under bidirectional FSI， the crosswind displacement at the top decreases by approximately 15% compared to the rigid model and aligns more closely with wind tunnel data. During vortex-induced resonance， a notable phase difference discrepancy arises between the crosswind vibration response and the lift coefficient time-histories for bidirectional versus unidirectional FSI. The underlying mechanisms of unidirectional and bidirectional FSI differ substantially. Unidirectional FSI results exhibit significantly stronger regularity than their bidirectional counterparts. Owing to the mutual structure-fluid interaction， bidirectional FSI outcomes display a higher degree of randomness.
- high-rise buildings /
- fluid-structure interaction /
- wind-induced vibration /
- energy transfer

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