Optimization Design and Mechanical Properties of the Disc in Disc-Buckled Steel Tube Scaffolding
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摘要: 圆盘作为盘扣式钢管脚手架节点构件中传递荷载的关键构件,对整体的稳定性起到决定性作用,但有多根受弯横杆同时连接时,圆盘会出现应力重叠现象导致节点刚度值降低。为了提高圆盘的刚度值和抗弯承载力,通过拓扑优化的方式探究圆盘能保持刚度值的材料分布情况,进而对圆盘进行优化设计,应用三线性模型和三次B样条数理统计方法进行数值拟合,验证了优化方案的可行性,并提出了不同数量横杆连接时脚手架节点进入弹塑性阶段的弯矩值。研究结果表明:圆盘与锁头接触截面的惯性矩对节点刚度值影响较大;优化设计的圆盘1在三线性模型的三个阶段中刚度值分别提升了2%~3%,19%~23%,13%~19%,弯矩值提升7.5%;优化设计的圆盘2在三线性模型的三个阶段中刚度值分别提升了4%~6%,29%~37%,20%~26%,极限承载力提升显著;随连接横杆数量的增加,节点进入弹塑性阶段的弯矩值变小;单根连接、两根呈直角连接、四根连接时盘扣式脚手架节点进入弹塑性阶段的弯矩值分别是0.6,0.5,0.4 kN·m,因此建议支架施工中要避免多根横杆连接的节点。Abstract: As a key component of load transfer in the joint components of the disc-buckled steel tube scaffold, the disc plays a decisive role in the overall stability. However, when multiple bending crossbars are connected simultaneously, stress concentration occurs in the disc, leading to a reduction in the joint stiffness value.To improve the stiffness value and flexural capacity of the disc, this paper explored material distribution in the disc that can maintain the stiffness value through topology optimization, followed by an optimized design of the disc. A trilinear model and a cubic B-spline mathematical fitting method were applied for numerical fitting, the feasibility of the optimization scheme was verified, and the bending moment values for the scaffold joints entering the elastic-plastic stage under different numbers of crossbar connections were proposed. The results showed that the moment of inertia of the contact section between the disc and the lock had a significant influence on the joint stiffness value. The optimized design of Disc 1 increased the stiffness value by 2%-3%, 19%-23%, and 13%-19% in the three stages of the trilinear model, respectively, and raised the bending moment value by 7.5%. The optimized design of Disc 2 increased the stiffness value by 4%-6%, 29%-37%, and 20%-26% in the three stages of the trilinear model, respectively, with a notable enhancement in the ultimate bearing capacity. As the number of crossbars increased, the bending moment at which the joints entered the elastic-plastic stage decreased. Specifically, the values were 0.6 kN·m, 0.5 kN·m, and 0.4 kN·m for the joints connected with one, two (right-angled), and four crossbars, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid joints with multiple connected crossbars in scaffold construction.
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