Research and Application on the Mechanical Properties of Lateral Bracing in Steel Warehouse Structures

Warehouse buildings are rapidly evolving toward long-span， large-height， and heavy-load structural systems. Their steel lateral-force-resisting systems are confronted with stringent requirements of “large loads， large column spacings， and large story heights” combined with high-intensity seismic fortification （the “Three Larges and One High” scenario）， posing comprehensive challenges to bearing capacity， stiffness， ductility， and material cost. This paper systematically reviews the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of various types of concentrically braced frames and eccentrically braced frames， with a focus on the selection of energy-dissipating components and bracing layout principles. Based on existing research， two types of novel replaceable energy-dissipating beam segments were proposed to provide reference for engineering applications. Further investigations were conducted on the influence of the energy-dissipating beam segment length on the load-bearing and energy-dissipation performance of portal frames， and the differences in energy-dissipation mechanisms between chevron bracing and portal bracing were clarified. To accommodate varying load demands and building specifications， two design strategies—low-bearing-capacity with high-ductility and high-bearing-capacity with low-energy-dissipation—were proposed to meet differentiated requirements. In addition， the lateral performance of truss girders and solid-web girders within the portal bracing system was compared and analyzed， revealing the underlying mechanism by which solid-web girders exhibit superior energy-dissipation performance over truss girders.