Research on Adaptive Conservation Techniques for the Nanjing City Wall Under Dual Requirements of Historical Appearance Preservation and Structural Reinforcement: a Case Study of the Section from Jiefang Gate to Xuanwu Gate

SUN Fan; CHUN Qing; YUAN Yu; SHI Jiashun

doi:10.3724/j.gyjzG26010801

Volume 56 Issue 5

May 2026

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION > 2026 > 56(5): 87-98

SUN Fan, CHUN Qing, YUAN Yu, SHI Jiashun. Research on Adaptive Conservation Techniques for the Nanjing City Wall Under Dual Requirements of Historical Appearance Preservation and Structural Reinforcement: a Case Study of the Section from Jiefang Gate to Xuanwu Gate[J]. INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION, 2026, 56(5): 87-98. doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG26010801

Citation:

SUN Fan, CHUN Qing, YUAN Yu, SHI Jiashun. Research on Adaptive Conservation Techniques for the Nanjing City Wall Under Dual Requirements of Historical Appearance Preservation and Structural Reinforcement: a Case Study of the Section from Jiefang Gate to Xuanwu Gate[J]. INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION, 2026, 56(5): 87-98. doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG26010801

Citation:

SUN Fan, CHUN Qing, YUAN Yu, SHI Jiashun. Research on Adaptive Conservation Techniques for the Nanjing City Wall Under Dual Requirements of Historical Appearance Preservation and Structural Reinforcement: a Case Study of the Section from Jiefang Gate to Xuanwu Gate[J]. INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION, 2026, 56(5): 87-98. doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG26010801

PDF( 3514 KB)

Research on Adaptive Conservation Techniques for the Nanjing City Wall Under Dual Requirements of Historical Appearance Preservation and Structural Reinforcement: a Case Study of the Section from Jiefang Gate to Xuanwu Gate

doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG26010801

1. School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China

Received Date: 2026-01-08
Available Online: 2026-06-06
Publish Date: 2026-05-20

Abstract

Abstract

The Nanjing City Wall represents the pinnacle of ancient Chinese city wall construction and holds significant cultural heritage value. However， due to the deterioration of its structural integrity and external environmental factors， it faces substantial safety concerns requiring urgent restoration and reinforcement. First， this study examined the structural configuration and damage conditions of the section from Jiefang Gate to Xuanwu Gate based on field surveys and literature review. Second， finite element analysis using ANSYS software was conducted on the wall structure. The analysis focused on evaluating the mechanical properties and safety under various combined conditions， including the effects of air-raid shelters and moisture absorption/expansion of internal brick-rubble-soil fill， to identify potential hazards. Finally， adaptive restoration and conservation measures were proposed， balancing both the preservation of historical appearance and the reinforcement of structural safety. This study implemented targeted reinforcement measures for different types and grades of deterioration， including structural strengthening of wall bodies， rampart top surfaces， and arches. Under the premise of preserving historical appearance， the wall structure was reinforced to achieve minimal intervention conservation for cultural heritage buildings， providing valuable insights and references for the preservation and restoration of ancient city walls.
- Nanjing City Wall,
- deterioration and damage,
- structural analysis,
- structural reinforcement,
- historical appearance preservation

FullText(HTML)

References(25)

References

[1]	梁法伟. 郑州商城内城城墙结构与筑法研究［J］. 华夏考古，2025（5）：123- 133.
[2]	王文丹，吴清龙，杨旭. 从石峁遗址到《营造法式》：试论中国古代城墙的土体补强技术［J］. 文物，2025（10）：44- 58.
[3]	AMER O，AITA D，MOHAMED E，et al. Multi-leaf stone masonry walls in Egypt：a legend［J］. Heritage，2021，4（4）：2763- 2791.
[4]	CHRISTIE N，GIBSON S. The city walls of Ravenna［J］. Papers of the British School at Rome，1988，56：156- 197.
[5]	乔敬淇，南东敏，杨星宇，等. 含水率对平遥夯土城墙物理力学性质的影响及其稳定性分析［J/OL］. 太原理工大学学报，2025［2025-12-19］. https://link.cnki.net/urlid/14.1220.n.20241117.1211.002.
[6]	吴恺，沈峰，李秉宜，等. 降雨条件下城墙土水特性与稳定性研究［J］. 重庆大学学报，2023，46（8）：88- 100.
[7]	张兵良，孙浩，宋奇海. 气象因素对南京明城墙本体臌胀的影响分析［J］. 测绘通报，2020（9）：136- 139.
[8]	CHEN G，LI L，LI G M，et al. Failure modes classification and failure mechanism research of ancient city wall［J］. Environmental Earth Sciences，2017，76（23）：810.
[9]	JIN P，ZHANG Y，WANG S，et al. Characterization of the superficial weathering of bricks on the City Wall of Xi’an，China［J］. Construction and Building Materials，2017，149：139- 148.
[10]	DE SOTO GARCÍA I S，DE SOTO GARCÍA M R，GARCÍA G R. Mineralogical analysis of mortars in the Walls of Ávila（Spain）and its surroundings［J］. Minerals，2019，9（6）：381.
[11]	王新生. 古城墙修缮技术及运用初探［J］. 古建园林技术，2004（1）：20- 22.
[12]	雷宏刚，吕建国，吴涛. 平遥古城墙加固技术研究［J］. 建筑结构，2007，37（增刊1）：140- 143.
[13]	周长东，李艺敏. 对穿CFRP锚杆加固故宫城墙结构的力学性能［J］. 应用基础与工程科学学报，2021，29（6）：1484- 1499.
[14]	SASSU M，ZARINS J，GIRESINI L，et al. The‘Triple R’approach on the restoration of archaeological dry stone city walls:procedures and application to a UNESCO world heritage site in Oman［J］. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites，2017，19（2）：106- 125.
[15]	LANGENHORST M C，ZIER H W. On the restoration damage of the historical city wall of Mühlhausen，Thuringia，Germany［J/OL］. International Journal of Architectural Heritage，2025［2025-01-28］. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2025.2450838.
[16]	周源. 近四十年来南京明城墙研究综述［G］//贺云翱，郑孝清. 中国城墙：第一辑. 南京：江苏人民出版社，2018：33- 45.
[17]	刘正平. 南京明城墙风光带规划［J］. 城市规划，2001（4）：65- 69.
[18]	杨国庆. 南京明代城墙［M］. 南京：南京出版社，2002.
[19]	权全，邱金伟，胡波，等. 细粗粒覆盖层对膨胀土边坡防渗效果数值研究［J］. 人民长江，2024，55（7）：221- 228
[20]	中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 砌体结构设计规范：GB 50003—2011［S］. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2011.
[21]	刘乃飞，李龙，吕冠贤，等. 包砖夯土城墙病害特征及成因分析［J］. 长沙理工大学学报（自然科学版），2025，22（6）：165- 177.
[22]	卢俊龙，李超芳，田鹏刚，等. 顶面人群动载作用下砖-土城墙动力响应分析［J］. 振动与冲击，2025，44（6）：168- 175.
[23]	王志强，穆保岗. 南京九华山段城墙内部人防工事破坏机理及加固［J］. 特种结构，2022，39（3）：40- 46.
[24]	崔晨. 某城墙土遗址病害及改性黄土修复后稳定性分析［D］. 西安：西安理工大学，2019.
[25]	中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 建筑抗震设计标准：GB/T 50011—2010［S］. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2024.