Research on the Transformation of External Spatial Form of Industrial Areas Influenced by the Summer Monsoon Environment: a Case Study of the Harbin “156” Industrial Area

First，by reviewing literature on the layout patterns and production modes of industrial areas and combining them with practical cases，this study summarized their layout patterns into three types：Annular Encasement Type，Axial Belt Insertion Type，and Cluster Dispersion Type. Subsequently，the industrial areas of Harbin from the “156” period were selected as research objects and classified according to these three layout types. Using CFD wind environment simulation software，the wind environment at a pedestrian height of 1. 5 m in summer was simulated，and corresponding values were obtained. These values were then analyzed against selected parameters of external spatial form to identify the influential morphological parameters. By adjusting the values of these influential parameters for the three layout types，further simulations were conducted to explore the main factors affecting the proportion of uncomfortable outdoor wind environment areas in different industrial layout types during summer. The results showed that the full aspect ratio had the primary impact on the proportion of uncomfortable wind areas at pedestrian height in summer，followed by building density and enclosure degree，and finally porosity. Based on these findings，design suggestions from a wind environment perspective were proposed for the renovation of industrial areas in Harbin，aiming to improve airflow at pedestrian height and create a favorable outdoor spatial environment suitable for human activities.