Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Fully Prefabricated Floor Slabs with Interlocking Joints

Prefabricated floor systems have been widely utilized in construction due to their advantages of convenient construction and high degree of industrialization. They are primarily categorized into two types： composite floor slabs and fully prefabricated floor slabs. However，transportation constraints typically limit their individual panel sizes，necessitating on-site splicing. Conventional composite floor slabs require significant wet-work for field splicing， while existing joint details for fully prefabricated slabs are often structurally complex.To address these limitations， this paper proposed a fully prefabricated floor structure system featuring an interlocking key-tooth joint design. Through ABAQUS finite element software， the bending performance of the floor slab was analyzed with the aim of elucidating its stress distribution and load-transfer mechanism. The results showed that compared with the cast-in-place floor slabs， the bearing capacity of the fully prefabricated floor slab was slightly reduced， but it still met he requirements of the code for bearing capacity and deformation of the floor slab in the use stage. Furthermore， the floor slab demonstrated a clear and efficient bidirectional load-transfer path. In addition， a parametric analysis was subsequently conducted to identify the key factors affecting the fully precast floor slab’s mechanical properties， thereby providing optimization suggestions for practical engineering application.