Corrosion of Concrete Structures Exposed to Industrial Coal-Fired Flue Gas

GUO Liang; ZHUFU Gaolin; LIU Xiguang; NIU Ditao; GAO Peng; YANG Teng

doi:10.3724/j.gyjzG24092302

Volume 55 Issue 1

Jan. 2025

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Article Navigation > INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION > 2025 > 55(1): 145-152

GUO Liang, ZHUFU Gaolin, LIU Xiguang, NIU Ditao, GAO Peng, YANG Teng. Corrosion of Concrete Structures Exposed to Industrial Coal-Fired Flue Gas[J]. INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION, 2025, 55(1): 145-152. doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG24092302

Citation:

GUO Liang, ZHUFU Gaolin, LIU Xiguang, NIU Ditao, GAO Peng, YANG Teng. Corrosion of Concrete Structures Exposed to Industrial Coal-Fired Flue Gas[J]. INDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION, 2025, 55(1): 145-152. doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG24092302

Citation:

PDF( 16510 KB)

Corrosion of Concrete Structures Exposed to Industrial Coal-Fired Flue Gas

doi: 10.3724/j.gyjzG24092302

1. Shaanxi Yanchang Zhongmei Yulin Energy and Chemical Co., Ltd., Yulin 718599, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;
3. China JiKan Research Institute of Engineering Investigation and Design, Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710043, China

Received Date: 2024-09-23
Available Online: 2025-03-28

Abstract

Abstract

Coal combustion of industrial production will release large amounts of SO₂ and CO₂ gases. High concentrations of acidic gases will accelerate the deterioration of concrete corrosion, leading to premature failure or damage to structures. To investigate the corrosion behavior of concrete structures exposed to industrial coal-fired flue gas for 12 years, this paper tested the concrete’s macro-mechanical properties, pore structure characteristics, and micro-properties by in-situ and laboratory tests along the height and depth. The test results indicated that the concrete exhibited significant uneven corrosion along the height of the structure. In the severely attacked region (28.6-39.1 m), the neutralization depth in the concrete was 1.4 times greater than that in the slightly attacked region (0-6.6 m), and the porosity was 5 times higher. Different corrosion mechanisms were occurred inside the concrete along the corrosion depth direction. In the shallow concrete zone (0-8 mm), sulfation was predominant, with gypsum (Gyp) as the primary product. The pH was below 8.0, and the sulfate ion (SO^2-₄) concentration at the exposure surface reached up to 5.5%. In the coexistence concrete zone (8-14 mm), both sulfation and carbonation were presented, with the pH increasing from 8.0 to 11.0. Above 14 mm, SO^2-₄ and Gyp were no longer detected. At 10 mm, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) was found, and its content gradually increased. In the deep concrete zone (14-18 mm), carbonation was the dominant process, with CaCO₃ as the main product.
- coal-fired flue gas,
- concrete,
- neutralization,
- sulfation,
- carbonation,
- corrosion

FullText(HTML)

References(28)

References

[1]	吕瑶,牛荻涛,刘西光,等.典型工业环境下混凝土硫化机理与预测模型[J].建筑材料学报,2022,25(6):621-627 ,634.
[2]	牛荻涛, 李星辰, 刘西光, 等. 工业建筑混凝土结构耐久性调查与分析[J]. 工业建筑, 2018, 48(11): 14-18.
[3]	HOUST Y F, WITTMANN F H. Influence of porosity and water content on the diffusivity of CO₂ and O₂ through hydrated cement paste[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1994, 24(6): 1165-1176.
[4]	PARROTT L J, KILLOH D C. Carbonation in a 36 year old, in-situ concrete[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1989, 19(4): 649-656.
[5]	牛荻涛,董振平,浦聿修.预测混凝土碳化深度的随机模型[J].工业建筑,1999,39(9):43-47.
[6]	CHEN G, LYU Y, ZHANG Y, et al. Carbonation depth predictions in concrete structures under changing climate condition in China[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2021, 119, 104990.
[7]	LIU X G, MA E H, LIU J, et al. Deterioration of an industrial reinforced concrete structure exposed to high temperatures and dry-wet cycles[J]. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2022, 135, 106150.
[8]	LIU X G, NIU D T, LI X C, et al. Pore solution pH for the corrosion initiation of rebars embedded in concrete under a long-term natural carbonation reaction[J]. Applied Sciences, 2018, 8(1), 128.
[9]	PU Q, JIANG L H, XU J X, et al. Evolution of pH and chemical composition of pore solution in carbonated concrete[J]. Construction and Building materials, 2012, 28(1): 519-524.
[10]	METALSSI O O, AïT-MOKHTAR A, TURCRY P. A proposed modelling of coupling carbonation-porosity-moisture transfer in concrete based on mass balance equilibrium[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 230, 116997.
[11]	EKOLU S O. Model for natural carbonation prediction (NCP): Practical application worldwide to real life functioning concrete structures[J]. Engineering Structures, 2020, 224, 111126.
[12]	EKOLU S, SOLOMON F. A case study on practical prediction of natural carbonation for concretes containing supplementary cementitious materials[J]. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 2022, 26(3): 1163-1176.
[13]	NIU J G, WU B, ZHU C, et al. Corrosion rules for ordinary concrete exposed to sulfur dioxide-containing environments[J]. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 2015, 97(3/4): 367-378.
[14]	LYU Y, NIU D T, YANG R, et al. Effects of general and saturated humidity on concrete performance deterioration under sulfur dioxide attack[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2024, 96,110325.
[15]	HUANG J, NIU D T, WU H, et al. The industrial SO₂-induced corrosion: Investigation of the corrosion onset[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2024, 150, 105535.
[16]	HUANG J, NIU D T, WU H, et al. Study on corrosion characteristics of reinforcing bars in concrete under industrial SO₂ environment[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2024, 416, 135177.
[17]	ZAPPIA G, SABBIONI C, PAURI M G, et al. Mortar damage due to airborne sulfur compounds in a simulation chamber[J]. Materials and Structures, 1994, 27: 469-473.
[18]	GUTBERLET T, HILBIG H, BEDDOE R E. Acid attack on hydrated cement-Effect of mineral acids on the degradation process[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2015, 74: 35-43.
[19]	NIU D T, LYU Y, LIU X G, et al. Study on the sulfuration mechanism of concrete: microstructure and product analysis[J]. Materials, 2020, 13(15), 3386.
[20]	LYU Y, NIU D T, LIU X G. A theoretical model of sulfuration depth of concrete based on SO₂ reaction and mass balance[J]. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2022, 21: 2038-2052.
[21]	SCHOLL E, KNÖFEL D. On the effect of SO₂ and CO₂ on cement paste[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1991, 21(1): 127-136.
[22]	GAREA A, HERRERA J L, MARQUES J A, et al. Kinetics of dry flue gas desulfurization at low temperatures using Ca(OH)₂: competitive reactions of sulfation and carbonation[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2001, 56(4): 1387-1393.
[23]	ZHANG B H, NIU D T, CAO Z Y. Structural Engineering and Industrial Architecture[M]. Boca Raton:CRC Press, 2023: 125-133.
[24]	牛荻涛,曹志远,吕瑶.热湿环境下CO₂-SO₂耦合侵蚀水泥基材料的中性化机理及预测模型[J].硅酸盐学报,2024,52(2):545-554.
[25]	PAVLÍK V, BAJZA A, ROUSEKOVÁ I, et al. Degradation of concrete by flue gases from coal combustion[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2007, 37(7): 1085-1095.
[26]	中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 钻芯法检测混凝土强度技术规程:JGJ/T 384—2016[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2016.
[27]	LI D, NIU D T, FU Q, et al. Fractal characteristics of pore structure of hybrid Basalt-Polypropylene fibre-reinforced concrete[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2020,109,103555.
[28]	LYV Y, NIU D T, LIU X G, et al. Corrosion damage and life prediction of concrete structure in the coking ammonium sulfate workshop of iron and steel industry[J]. Scientific Reports, 2023, 13(1), 2826.