Loess is a kind of unsaturated soil with special structure. To explore the quantitative relations between structural degrees of unsaturated loess and matric suction or compressive yield deformation, uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted on loess specimens from different sites in intact, remolded and saturated intact conditions, and the variation laws of structural degrees of loess with different contents of water were analyzed. The soil-water characteristic curves of corresponding loess specimens were tested, and the matric suction indexes of intact loess with different contents of water were measured. Based on the quantitative relations between the physical quantity and the structural degree, the relation between matric suction and the structural degree was established, and its applicability was demonstrated. Through isotropic compression tests, the relation between the yield stress and the structural degree was determined, and the relations between the yield stress and the structured degree of Q2 loess or Q3 loess were established. Through the relations between the structural degree of loess and the compressive yield stress or isotropic compressive yield deformation, the relations among the structural degree of Q2 loess or Q3 loess, compressive yield and compressive deformation were established.