Large steel storage tanks constructed in soft foundations are susceptible to various types of settlement deflections, and the differential settlement beneath the tank wall leads to the most serious consequence for the tank. Based on a great deal of measured data for the settlements of various types of in site large tanks, the composition and characteristics of the differential settlement beneath the tank wall are analyzed using Fourier decomposition. The derived harmonic settlements are then introduced in finite element analyses of the tank structure. It has been shown that the stresses and deformations in the tank under differential settlements are dependent on its geometric parameters. Thus current empirical criteria for allowable deformation of foundation that is independent of geometric parameters seems unreasonable viewed from the structural perspective.
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