Login
Register
E-alert
2011 Vol. 41, No. 4
Display Method:
2011, 41(4): 1-5,37.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104001
Abstract:
Architectures in modern cities are built closely or designed as master-slave structure with multisubstructures because of intensity in utilization of land，functions of use and architectural shapes. The architectures with such designs will be damaged worse in earthquake. AVSD control device possesses the advantages of AVS control device as well as those of AVD control device，MR damper has a promising application prospect because of its advanced technology feature. The simulation analysis on semi-active control of seismic responses of adjacent structures connected by AVSD control devices and MR damper was studied when El-Centro wave，Taft wave and Northridge wave were input，good control results were obtained based on the semi-active control law. The control effectiveness comparison between MR damper and AVSD device was analyzed.
Architectures in modern cities are built closely or designed as master-slave structure with multisubstructures because of intensity in utilization of land，functions of use and architectural shapes. The architectures with such designs will be damaged worse in earthquake. AVSD control device possesses the advantages of AVS control device as well as those of AVD control device，MR damper has a promising application prospect because of its advanced technology feature. The simulation analysis on semi-active control of seismic responses of adjacent structures connected by AVSD control devices and MR damper was studied when El-Centro wave，Taft wave and Northridge wave were input，good control results were obtained based on the semi-active control law. The control effectiveness comparison between MR damper and AVSD device was analyzed.
2011, 41(4): 6-10,118.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104002
Abstract:
Taking a gasification furnace workshop in Yima as investigated object，using the finite-element program ANSYS，the response of the structure under rectangular cyclic impulse excitation is researched. The TMD control system is designed， and the gasification furnace is considered as inertial mass of the system. The dynamic performance of the frame structure with the TMD control system was analyzed. The results show that the structural responses under the excitation are effectively reduced by 60% at least by the TMD system.
Taking a gasification furnace workshop in Yima as investigated object，using the finite-element program ANSYS，the response of the structure under rectangular cyclic impulse excitation is researched. The TMD control system is designed， and the gasification furnace is considered as inertial mass of the system. The dynamic performance of the frame structure with the TMD control system was analyzed. The results show that the structural responses under the excitation are effectively reduced by 60% at least by the TMD system.
DYNAMIC RESPONSES OF BASE-ISOLATED STRUCTURE UNDER THE NEAR-FAULT HORIZONTAL-VERTICAL SEISMIC ACTION
2011, 41(4): 11-15,20.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104003
Abstract:
During the application process of base-isolated technology，which is a generally acknowledged measure to resist the earthquake action and reduce the loss of building structure. But the near-fault seismic action with a strong shock is not taken into account usually，and the vertical component is less especially. Some earthquake acceleration records，which include the complete horizontal and vertical components from Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan，are selected and divided into three types，near-fault，far-field and non-pulse seismic inputs. The dynamic responses of base-isolated structures and the states of base-isolated supports are analyzed under the horizontal and vertical motivations of those records simultaneously. The results show that the impulsive near--fault earthquakes impact on the medium and long-period base-isolated structures strongly. However the maximum velocity-pulse period of the seismic records do not control the dynamic responses of base-isolated structures absolutely. The seismic vertical component influences the horizontal responses of structures slightly. But base-isolated supports can be in the unsafe tension state under the pulse near-fault earthquake action，and stronger apparently than that under the non-pulse one.
During the application process of base-isolated technology，which is a generally acknowledged measure to resist the earthquake action and reduce the loss of building structure. But the near-fault seismic action with a strong shock is not taken into account usually，and the vertical component is less especially. Some earthquake acceleration records，which include the complete horizontal and vertical components from Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan，are selected and divided into three types，near-fault，far-field and non-pulse seismic inputs. The dynamic responses of base-isolated structures and the states of base-isolated supports are analyzed under the horizontal and vertical motivations of those records simultaneously. The results show that the impulsive near--fault earthquakes impact on the medium and long-period base-isolated structures strongly. However the maximum velocity-pulse period of the seismic records do not control the dynamic responses of base-isolated structures absolutely. The seismic vertical component influences the horizontal responses of structures slightly. But base-isolated supports can be in the unsafe tension state under the pulse near-fault earthquake action，and stronger apparently than that under the non-pulse one.
2011, 41(4): 16-20.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104004
Abstract:
A non-linear time-history analysis of a high-level isolation structure under multi-dimensional seism is done by using the SAP2000 structural analysis software. The results of calculation and comparison show that the good effects are received in high-level base-isolation structure，especially the absolute acceleration response is greatly reduced; under multi-dimensional seismic，the responses of the structure with full symmetry and the same stiffness in each layer，may not be increased; but for the structure with podium and different stiffness of each layer，the responses will be increased. The podium can make a positive affect to shock isolation system of high-level structure.
A non-linear time-history analysis of a high-level isolation structure under multi-dimensional seism is done by using the SAP2000 structural analysis software. The results of calculation and comparison show that the good effects are received in high-level base-isolation structure，especially the absolute acceleration response is greatly reduced; under multi-dimensional seismic，the responses of the structure with full symmetry and the same stiffness in each layer，may not be increased; but for the structure with podium and different stiffness of each layer，the responses will be increased. The podium can make a positive affect to shock isolation system of high-level structure.
2011, 41(4): 21-25,132.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104005
Abstract:
Unsymmetrical hybrid connection is a post-tensioned dry connection with damping. The finite-element analysis program DRAIN_2DX was used to simulate the seismic-resistance performance under reverse cyclic loading. Results of the finite-element analysis showed that the hysteretic curves were unsymmetrical，plumper with better energy-dissipation under positive loading，while thinner with worse energy-dissipation under negative loading，and that the hysteretic curves showed thesshape which gradually became bow shape，and that the increase of initial compressed stress would lead to the reduction of ductility and residual deformation，and that the increase of the area of the mild steel bars could improve the energy-dissipation ability，however increased the residual deformation. The area ratio and the initial unbonded length of mild steel bars，and the effective stress of PT tendons were studied，some useful design advice was brought forward.
Unsymmetrical hybrid connection is a post-tensioned dry connection with damping. The finite-element analysis program DRAIN_2DX was used to simulate the seismic-resistance performance under reverse cyclic loading. Results of the finite-element analysis showed that the hysteretic curves were unsymmetrical，plumper with better energy-dissipation under positive loading，while thinner with worse energy-dissipation under negative loading，and that the hysteretic curves showed thesshape which gradually became bow shape，and that the increase of initial compressed stress would lead to the reduction of ductility and residual deformation，and that the increase of the area of the mild steel bars could improve the energy-dissipation ability，however increased the residual deformation. The area ratio and the initial unbonded length of mild steel bars，and the effective stress of PT tendons were studied，some useful design advice was brought forward.
2011, 41(4): 26-29,65.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104006
Abstract:
The mechanism and calculation method of bilateral shear strength of rectangular frame columns ( RFC) under low-cyclic oblique horizontal loads were investigated based on an experiment including 5 rectangular frame columns without stirrup and 7 rectangular frame columns with stirrup. The results indicate unilateral shear theory can not be used to calculate bilateral shear strength of RFC. The main reason is that the diagonal crack of column develops rapidly under bilateral shear force，and the the concrete strength increased by axial force is limited. Secondly，the bilateral shear strength offered by concrete of RFC is calculated iteratively by unilateral shear theory. Based on the above analysis，the correlation property of bilateral shear strength of RFC without stirrup is analyzed. The results show the correlation relationship can be described as ellipse equation. And then an amendatory theory was put forward ， Which reduced the shear strength offered by concrete and axial force together on two principal axes. The comparison between the calculation and experimental results shows the formula is feasible and safe. At last，a formula to calculate bilateral shear strength of RFC under qrthquake was presented，in which RE is considered.
The mechanism and calculation method of bilateral shear strength of rectangular frame columns ( RFC) under low-cyclic oblique horizontal loads were investigated based on an experiment including 5 rectangular frame columns without stirrup and 7 rectangular frame columns with stirrup. The results indicate unilateral shear theory can not be used to calculate bilateral shear strength of RFC. The main reason is that the diagonal crack of column develops rapidly under bilateral shear force，and the the concrete strength increased by axial force is limited. Secondly，the bilateral shear strength offered by concrete of RFC is calculated iteratively by unilateral shear theory. Based on the above analysis，the correlation property of bilateral shear strength of RFC without stirrup is analyzed. The results show the correlation relationship can be described as ellipse equation. And then an amendatory theory was put forward ， Which reduced the shear strength offered by concrete and axial force together on two principal axes. The comparison between the calculation and experimental results shows the formula is feasible and safe. At last，a formula to calculate bilateral shear strength of RFC under qrthquake was presented，in which RE is considered.
2011, 41(4): 30-33,49.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104007
Abstract:
The previous research indicates that by inserting a concrete bolt in the hole can chain the upper block with lower block ，the shear strength of the small hollow concrete block masonry can be increased effectively and seismic performance improved. This is a new type of masonry structure. Four small-sized hollow concrete block masonry walls with constructional columns were tested under different vertical loads. The mechanical behaviors were described. The ductility and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed. The shear strength formula of the new-styles block masonry walls was proposed. The experiment shows the seismic performance of new-style block masonry walls is better than the common ones. The research indicates the new-style masonry structure can strengthen the seismic performance of masonry buildings effectively，which can be used in practical engineerings.
The previous research indicates that by inserting a concrete bolt in the hole can chain the upper block with lower block ，the shear strength of the small hollow concrete block masonry can be increased effectively and seismic performance improved. This is a new type of masonry structure. Four small-sized hollow concrete block masonry walls with constructional columns were tested under different vertical loads. The mechanical behaviors were described. The ductility and energy dissipation capacity were analyzed. The shear strength formula of the new-styles block masonry walls was proposed. The experiment shows the seismic performance of new-style block masonry walls is better than the common ones. The research indicates the new-style masonry structure can strengthen the seismic performance of masonry buildings effectively，which can be used in practical engineerings.
2011, 41(4): 34-37.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104008
Abstract:
The masonry-concrete shear wall structure is a kind of new composite structure developed from the masonry wall. A new structure was proposed by making the walls of small rooms like toilet，kitchen concrete shear walls，which formed it as shear wall tube structure. ANSYS was used to do the time history analysis of the models for the three masonry-concrete tube composite structures and masonry-concrete shear wall structure with same characteristic stiffness coefficients. The rationality and superiority of masonry-concrete tube composite structure were verified by comparing the data.
The masonry-concrete shear wall structure is a kind of new composite structure developed from the masonry wall. A new structure was proposed by making the walls of small rooms like toilet，kitchen concrete shear walls，which formed it as shear wall tube structure. ANSYS was used to do the time history analysis of the models for the three masonry-concrete tube composite structures and masonry-concrete shear wall structure with same characteristic stiffness coefficients. The rationality and superiority of masonry-concrete tube composite structure were verified by comparing the data.
2011, 41(4): 38-41,123.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104009
Abstract:
A large number of frames damaged due to the poor lateral stiffness in Wenchuan Earthquake. Additonal flange wall could effectively improve the lateral stiffness. This paper analyzed the bearing capacity of special-shaped column of the practical engineering structures; meanwhile，it was obtained N － M curve and Mx － My curve of biaxial eccentricity compression based on numerical integration method. In addition，the Mx － My envelope diagram of an actual project was also calculated，which could provide a reference for section design and check.
A large number of frames damaged due to the poor lateral stiffness in Wenchuan Earthquake. Additonal flange wall could effectively improve the lateral stiffness. This paper analyzed the bearing capacity of special-shaped column of the practical engineering structures; meanwhile，it was obtained N － M curve and Mx － My curve of biaxial eccentricity compression based on numerical integration method. In addition，the Mx － My envelope diagram of an actual project was also calculated，which could provide a reference for section design and check.
2011, 41(4): 42-49.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104010
Abstract:
Currently，there is no code and mature method that are specially used for the rapid identification of the reinforce concrete single-factory building after the earthquake in China. A specific method used for rapid assessment of the single-factory building after the earthquake is advised in this paper. Based on the analysis of earthquake damages of single-factory building，this method gives quantitative and qualitative judgments to the damage extent of the common components in the earthquake. By using the fuzzy mathematics method， the security level of the components can be evaluated and judgment matrix of membership grade can be established. Then the weights of components and structures are evaluated by using the AHP. Finally，according to analyzing the judgment matrix of level membership grade and the weights of components and structures comprehensively，the safety evaluation of the whole structure can be acquired. This method is easy to apply and has clear layers. The identification result of this method is accurate. In accordance with this method a computer program can be easily compiled to make the identification work procedurally and reduce the workload and identification time. Besides，by using this method，the judgment reference can be provided to set down the policies of salvation and put the rescue measures into practice.
Currently，there is no code and mature method that are specially used for the rapid identification of the reinforce concrete single-factory building after the earthquake in China. A specific method used for rapid assessment of the single-factory building after the earthquake is advised in this paper. Based on the analysis of earthquake damages of single-factory building，this method gives quantitative and qualitative judgments to the damage extent of the common components in the earthquake. By using the fuzzy mathematics method， the security level of the components can be evaluated and judgment matrix of membership grade can be established. Then the weights of components and structures are evaluated by using the AHP. Finally，according to analyzing the judgment matrix of level membership grade and the weights of components and structures comprehensively，the safety evaluation of the whole structure can be acquired. This method is easy to apply and has clear layers. The identification result of this method is accurate. In accordance with this method a computer program can be easily compiled to make the identification work procedurally and reduce the workload and identification time. Besides，by using this method，the judgment reference can be provided to set down the policies of salvation and put the rescue measures into practice.
2011, 41(4): 50-53.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104011
Abstract:
Technical innovation is a promotional factor of academic development in western architecture renewal field，which also means a lot for China urbanization. In the past decades，the domestic academic research of architecture renewal has been improving continuously，but the technical aspect of which has deficiencies. In current climates，its necessary to achieve phased investment mode on architecture renewal projects in big city，the premier assurance of carrying out this mode is that new technical problems need to be solved，that ＇s a developmental opportunity for the academic research in architecture renewal field.
Technical innovation is a promotional factor of academic development in western architecture renewal field，which also means a lot for China urbanization. In the past decades，the domestic academic research of architecture renewal has been improving continuously，but the technical aspect of which has deficiencies. In current climates，its necessary to achieve phased investment mode on architecture renewal projects in big city，the premier assurance of carrying out this mode is that new technical problems need to be solved，that ＇s a developmental opportunity for the academic research in architecture renewal field.
2011, 41(4): 54-58,128.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104012
Abstract:
By analyzing the development of modern industry in Changsha，it was selected three cases of the representatives of different periods of industrial architectural heritage transformation. From the angles of the reservations of the building structure，reuse of function space，continuity of historical context，creation of a memorial space，the mining potential of the artistic value，it was also detailed the strategy of the reuse and renovation of the modern industrial building heritage in Changsha
By analyzing the development of modern industry in Changsha，it was selected three cases of the representatives of different periods of industrial architectural heritage transformation. From the angles of the reservations of the building structure，reuse of function space，continuity of historical context，creation of a memorial space，the mining potential of the artistic value，it was also detailed the strategy of the reuse and renovation of the modern industrial building heritage in Changsha
2011, 41(4): 59-62.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104013
Abstract:
Color is the major part of architecture design. Color application is the indispensable and important part in planning and design of a modern industrial park. Currently Chinese industrial park has entered the phase of ecology and harmony development，but the relevant color design of industrial architecture environment is still in primary period. By analysis and research on color design example of Chengdu-Ziyang Industrial Development District，it is discussed the method and approach of color application in modern industrial park under current global economic trend.
Color is the major part of architecture design. Color application is the indispensable and important part in planning and design of a modern industrial park. Currently Chinese industrial park has entered the phase of ecology and harmony development，but the relevant color design of industrial architecture environment is still in primary period. By analysis and research on color design example of Chengdu-Ziyang Industrial Development District，it is discussed the method and approach of color application in modern industrial park under current global economic trend.
2011, 41(4): 63-65.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104014
Abstract:
Combining the design of the mill building for Bensteel No. 3 Hot Strip Mill project，this article elaborates the aesthetic trend of modern industrial buildings and the characteristics of creative design.
Combining the design of the mill building for Bensteel No. 3 Hot Strip Mill project，this article elaborates the aesthetic trend of modern industrial buildings and the characteristics of creative design.
2011, 41(4): 66-70,74.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104015
Abstract:
This paper introduces the experiments，design and engineering application of modern bamboo single family house. The features of foundation，wall，floor，and roof are discussed in detail. The design and construction of the bamboo house is based on the properties of laminated bamboo，including high strength-light-weight and stiffnessweight ratios，prefabrication，better durability etc. Crucial technics including fire proof，moisture prevention，and anti-seismic design etc were solved. The research and construction of bamboo single family houses validate that such a new type of environmental friendly construction form is suitable for applications in commercial buildings and residential houses.
This paper introduces the experiments，design and engineering application of modern bamboo single family house. The features of foundation，wall，floor，and roof are discussed in detail. The design and construction of the bamboo house is based on the properties of laminated bamboo，including high strength-light-weight and stiffnessweight ratios，prefabrication，better durability etc. Crucial technics including fire proof，moisture prevention，and anti-seismic design etc were solved. The research and construction of bamboo single family houses validate that such a new type of environmental friendly construction form is suitable for applications in commercial buildings and residential houses.
2011, 41(4): 71-74.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104016
Abstract:
To study the mechanical properties of reinforced ceramsite concrete structure after fire，experiments on fire resistance performance of a group of simple supported beams and static loading tests after fire were carried out. Comparing with the beams before fire，the bending and shear properties of ceramsite concrete beams after fire all reduced in different degrees. At the same time，the finite element analysis on the ceramsite concrete beams after fire was carried out，and the results were compared with the those of experiment.
To study the mechanical properties of reinforced ceramsite concrete structure after fire，experiments on fire resistance performance of a group of simple supported beams and static loading tests after fire were carried out. Comparing with the beams before fire，the bending and shear properties of ceramsite concrete beams after fire all reduced in different degrees. At the same time，the finite element analysis on the ceramsite concrete beams after fire was carried out，and the results were compared with the those of experiment.
2011, 41(4): 75-78,84.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104017
Abstract:
The drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar was studied in the paper，including the influence of reactivity of magnesia，water to binder ratio，magnesium to phosphorus ratio，fly ash content and usage of retarder on the drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar. The conclusions indicated that the drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar increased with the decreasing of the magnesia reactivity，magnesium to phosphorus ratio and fly ash content，increasing of the water to binder ratio and usage of retarder. And the analysis showed that the evaporation of free water is the main reason for drying shrinkage and fly ash content could restrain the drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar.
The drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar was studied in the paper，including the influence of reactivity of magnesia，water to binder ratio，magnesium to phosphorus ratio，fly ash content and usage of retarder on the drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar. The conclusions indicated that the drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar increased with the decreasing of the magnesia reactivity，magnesium to phosphorus ratio and fly ash content，increasing of the water to binder ratio and usage of retarder. And the analysis showed that the evaporation of free water is the main reason for drying shrinkage and fly ash content could restrain the drying shrinkage of magnesium phosphate cement mortar.
2011, 41(4): 79-84.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104018
Abstract:
The super burst water occurred in Maluqing Tunnel of Yichang-Wanzhou Railway on January 21，2006， which would be the largest burst water in China history of railway construction. The flow rate was more than 200 m3 / s and the total water inflow was more than 100 104 m3 . This phenomenon occurred again and more than once after that accident. Based on the burst water in Maluqing tunnel，it was analyzed its characteristics. This supper water inflow be defined karst water burst flood. By research on the law of karst geology，the geologic genesis of water burst in deep tunnel can be got. The Mechanical mechanism of stability of surrounding rock was studied. On the basis， tunnels geological factors and engineering treatment method was got.
The super burst water occurred in Maluqing Tunnel of Yichang-Wanzhou Railway on January 21，2006， which would be the largest burst water in China history of railway construction. The flow rate was more than 200 m3 / s and the total water inflow was more than 100 104 m3 . This phenomenon occurred again and more than once after that accident. Based on the burst water in Maluqing tunnel，it was analyzed its characteristics. This supper water inflow be defined karst water burst flood. By research on the law of karst geology，the geologic genesis of water burst in deep tunnel can be got. The Mechanical mechanism of stability of surrounding rock was studied. On the basis， tunnels geological factors and engineering treatment method was got.
2011, 41(4): 85-91.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104019
Abstract:
In order to solve the problem of excessive load on the high-fill culverts，it was conducted a load reduction test of a double pipe culvert by laying single or double-layer EPS with different density and thickness，which was also compared with no EPS board load reduction culvert section. The results show that putting the EPS board on the top of culvert load can be greatly reduced，on the top of culvert vertical earth pressure is just equal to 1 /3 earth pressure on the no load reduction culvert section，and 1 /2 earth column pressure. At the same time，the thicker the laying EPS board，the better the results of the load reduction measure，but decreasing growth rate，load reduction measure with double superposition combination EPS is better than that with single EPS board measure;and，laying EPS board on the top of culvert can improve obvicusly the longitudinal uneven settlement of the culverts. The load reduction measure not only can reduce earth pressure on the high-fil1 culverts，but also prevent their crack，reduce culverts longitudinal concave curve uneven settlement and so on.
In order to solve the problem of excessive load on the high-fill culverts，it was conducted a load reduction test of a double pipe culvert by laying single or double-layer EPS with different density and thickness，which was also compared with no EPS board load reduction culvert section. The results show that putting the EPS board on the top of culvert load can be greatly reduced，on the top of culvert vertical earth pressure is just equal to 1 /3 earth pressure on the no load reduction culvert section，and 1 /2 earth column pressure. At the same time，the thicker the laying EPS board，the better the results of the load reduction measure，but decreasing growth rate，load reduction measure with double superposition combination EPS is better than that with single EPS board measure;and，laying EPS board on the top of culvert can improve obvicusly the longitudinal uneven settlement of the culverts. The load reduction measure not only can reduce earth pressure on the high-fil1 culverts，but also prevent their crack，reduce culverts longitudinal concave curve uneven settlement and so on.
2011, 41(4): 92-96,91.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104020
Abstract:
On the basis of a series of indoor shear stress relaxation tests for Nanning unsatruated manipulated expansive soils，shear stress relaxation characteristics of the unsaturated manipulated expansive soils under the condition of direct shearing were researched. The results show that shear stress relaxation curves fall into noncomplete decay type under different water content，and the shear stress gradually decreases and tends to stable values. The relaxation curves can be divided into obvious three stages: accelerate relaxation stage，uniform speed relaxation stage and stable relaxation stage. The nonlinear extent of stress-strain isochronal relationship curves is increasing gradually with an increase in the water content，and displacement values of damage of soil body are becoming smaller. The fitting curves of K-H constitutive equation well agreed with those of the observed data，which is able to reflect shear stress relaxation characteristics of Nanning unsaturated manipulated expansive soil.
On the basis of a series of indoor shear stress relaxation tests for Nanning unsatruated manipulated expansive soils，shear stress relaxation characteristics of the unsaturated manipulated expansive soils under the condition of direct shearing were researched. The results show that shear stress relaxation curves fall into noncomplete decay type under different water content，and the shear stress gradually decreases and tends to stable values. The relaxation curves can be divided into obvious three stages: accelerate relaxation stage，uniform speed relaxation stage and stable relaxation stage. The nonlinear extent of stress-strain isochronal relationship curves is increasing gradually with an increase in the water content，and displacement values of damage of soil body are becoming smaller. The fitting curves of K-H constitutive equation well agreed with those of the observed data，which is able to reflect shear stress relaxation characteristics of Nanning unsaturated manipulated expansive soil.
2011, 41(4): 98-102.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104021
Abstract:
PVA-ECC has the properties of high ductility，which ensures the capacity for large energy dissipation，but low strength. By making waste materials，an orthogonal test method is adopted to prepare PVA-ECC with high strength but also meeting a engineering requirement of deformability. This kind of PVA-ECC can be used in high-rise buildings. The results show that the replacement of cement with 45% fly ash and proper amount silica fume can make compressive strength of PVA-ECC be more than 60 MPa，by using fine sand. Fly ash can improve strain － hardening performance of PVA-ECC. Silica fume leads to less ductile behaviour of PVA-ECC.
PVA-ECC has the properties of high ductility，which ensures the capacity for large energy dissipation，but low strength. By making waste materials，an orthogonal test method is adopted to prepare PVA-ECC with high strength but also meeting a engineering requirement of deformability. This kind of PVA-ECC can be used in high-rise buildings. The results show that the replacement of cement with 45% fly ash and proper amount silica fume can make compressive strength of PVA-ECC be more than 60 MPa，by using fine sand. Fly ash can improve strain － hardening performance of PVA-ECC. Silica fume leads to less ductile behaviour of PVA-ECC.
2011, 41(4): 103-106.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104022
Abstract:
The total chloride ion and free chloride ion contents of concrete were determined by natural diffusion method. Cl － binding capability was calculated for different kinds of concrete. The influences of the types of environmental media and chloride ion concentration on Cl － binding capacity were discussed. The results show that Cl － binding capacity of common concrete is weakened when composition of environmental medium becomes more complicated，concentration becomes higher and the number of ions is increased. The rule of mineral admixture concrete is basically the same. Cl － binding capacity of common concrete，fly ash concrete，silica fume concrete and slag concrete in ( 3. 5% NaCl + 5% MgSO4 ) solution are reduced by 38% ，36. 7% ，36% and 51. 7% separately， compared to the situation in 3. 5% NaCl solution，and those in Qinghai salt lake bittern are reduced respectively by 58% ，64. 7% ，74. 9% and 62. 1% ，from which it can be concluded that the weakening effect of concrete on Cl － should be taken into account in chloride salt environment under the situation of comparatively high concentration and complicated component.
The total chloride ion and free chloride ion contents of concrete were determined by natural diffusion method. Cl － binding capability was calculated for different kinds of concrete. The influences of the types of environmental media and chloride ion concentration on Cl － binding capacity were discussed. The results show that Cl － binding capacity of common concrete is weakened when composition of environmental medium becomes more complicated，concentration becomes higher and the number of ions is increased. The rule of mineral admixture concrete is basically the same. Cl － binding capacity of common concrete，fly ash concrete，silica fume concrete and slag concrete in ( 3. 5% NaCl + 5% MgSO4 ) solution are reduced by 38% ，36. 7% ，36% and 51. 7% separately， compared to the situation in 3. 5% NaCl solution，and those in Qinghai salt lake bittern are reduced respectively by 58% ，64. 7% ，74. 9% and 62. 1% ，from which it can be concluded that the weakening effect of concrete on Cl － should be taken into account in chloride salt environment under the situation of comparatively high concentration and complicated component.
2011, 41(4): 107-111,154.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104023
Abstract:
Prilling tower is the core structure in the technological process of Nitro-compound fertilizer plant，the safety of the structure is directly related to the normal operation of fertilizer production. Prilling tower is a hollow high special structure which is constructed by concrete-filled steel tube columns bonded by annular truss and widely used in fertilizer plant. As the special shape of the structure，there is no stability study on the tower. According to the characteristics of CFT prilling tower，buckling analysis is used to analyze the elastic stability of the demand on structure. Effective length is calculated with equivalent stiffness method and the stiffness of annular truss is identified. Based on advanced analysis method，high-rise steel frame elastic-plastic stability was assessed . A new load model and evaluation methods have been proposed. According to the analysis of such structures，design measures are proposed，which provides references for similar structures.
Prilling tower is the core structure in the technological process of Nitro-compound fertilizer plant，the safety of the structure is directly related to the normal operation of fertilizer production. Prilling tower is a hollow high special structure which is constructed by concrete-filled steel tube columns bonded by annular truss and widely used in fertilizer plant. As the special shape of the structure，there is no stability study on the tower. According to the characteristics of CFT prilling tower，buckling analysis is used to analyze the elastic stability of the demand on structure. Effective length is calculated with equivalent stiffness method and the stiffness of annular truss is identified. Based on advanced analysis method，high-rise steel frame elastic-plastic stability was assessed . A new load model and evaluation methods have been proposed. According to the analysis of such structures，design measures are proposed，which provides references for similar structures.
2011, 41(4): 112-118.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104024
Abstract:
Using the program，ANSYS，a finite element model of the rung-shape long-span tensile cable-membrane structure in Foshan Century Lotus Stadium was set up to investigate its dynamic performance under earthquake waves. Results show that the structures vertical stiffness is weak，and its sag-to-span ratio is 1 /1152. Because its story drift is 1 /467，the structures horizontal displacement should not be neglect. The structures seismic responses are similar under different types of earthquake waves when their peak-accelerations are equal. At the same time，the order of the acceleration reaching its peak has small effects on the vibration of the structure. With the increase of the peak-acceleration，the axis stress of the tension cables does not vary，but the bending stress of the upper compression ring，the lower compression ring，and the truss web，has obviously changed. During the design process，seismic loading should be calculated in the load combination. Furthermore，the effects of the wavesdirection and their combination should be considered.
Using the program，ANSYS，a finite element model of the rung-shape long-span tensile cable-membrane structure in Foshan Century Lotus Stadium was set up to investigate its dynamic performance under earthquake waves. Results show that the structures vertical stiffness is weak，and its sag-to-span ratio is 1 /1152. Because its story drift is 1 /467，the structures horizontal displacement should not be neglect. The structures seismic responses are similar under different types of earthquake waves when their peak-accelerations are equal. At the same time，the order of the acceleration reaching its peak has small effects on the vibration of the structure. With the increase of the peak-acceleration，the axis stress of the tension cables does not vary，but the bending stress of the upper compression ring，the lower compression ring，and the truss web，has obviously changed. During the design process，seismic loading should be calculated in the load combination. Furthermore，the effects of the wavesdirection and their combination should be considered.
2011, 41(4): 119-123.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104025
Abstract:
In this paper，according to the characteristics of the wind loads acting on angle-steel communication tower，the fluctuating wind will be considered as a stable Gaussian random process. Based on stochastic theory and the spatial correlation is considered，the time-history curve of fluctuating wind load is simulated using harmonic synthesis method and Matlab language，so the computer simulation of fluctuating wind is realized. The theory and procedure of the simulated time-history curve，could be applied to the simulation of fluctuating wind load of the general high-rise structures，and the general statistical characteristics conformed with the stochastic process of wind speed have a good randomness. Finally an angle-steel communication tower as engineering background，and establish accurate finite element model，then the dynamic characteristics and wind-induced response of the steel tower are calculated using ANSYS transient dynamic analysis modules. Then a research is made on the coefficient value response of wind-induced vibration response of angel-steel communication tower.
In this paper，according to the characteristics of the wind loads acting on angle-steel communication tower，the fluctuating wind will be considered as a stable Gaussian random process. Based on stochastic theory and the spatial correlation is considered，the time-history curve of fluctuating wind load is simulated using harmonic synthesis method and Matlab language，so the computer simulation of fluctuating wind is realized. The theory and procedure of the simulated time-history curve，could be applied to the simulation of fluctuating wind load of the general high-rise structures，and the general statistical characteristics conformed with the stochastic process of wind speed have a good randomness. Finally an angle-steel communication tower as engineering background，and establish accurate finite element model，then the dynamic characteristics and wind-induced response of the steel tower are calculated using ANSYS transient dynamic analysis modules. Then a research is made on the coefficient value response of wind-induced vibration response of angel-steel communication tower.
2011, 41(4): 124-128.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104026
Abstract:
In order to research the remaining bearing capacity of a compressive brace after buckling，a reduced scale inverted V-CBSF was designed in this paper，according to the hypothesis that a compressive brace would remain 70% of the bearing capacity after buckling，and a pushover test was carried out. When the roof displacement reached at 1 /30 of the structure height，there was not obvious destroy on the beams. Then SAP program and ANSYS program were respectively adopted to simulate the test. Through the parameter setting of the plastic hinge in SAP and the axial force extracting of the compressive braces after buckling in ANSYS，it was discovered that the remained bearing capacity of compressive braces after buckling was about 70% . At last，ANSYS program was adopted to carry on elastic-plastic time-history analysis on an inverted V-CBSF and a V-CBSF under rarely occurred earthquake. Through extracting the axial force of the compressive braces after buckling，it was verified that the remained bearing capacity of compressive braces after buckling was about 70% .
In order to research the remaining bearing capacity of a compressive brace after buckling，a reduced scale inverted V-CBSF was designed in this paper，according to the hypothesis that a compressive brace would remain 70% of the bearing capacity after buckling，and a pushover test was carried out. When the roof displacement reached at 1 /30 of the structure height，there was not obvious destroy on the beams. Then SAP program and ANSYS program were respectively adopted to simulate the test. Through the parameter setting of the plastic hinge in SAP and the axial force extracting of the compressive braces after buckling in ANSYS，it was discovered that the remained bearing capacity of compressive braces after buckling was about 70% . At last，ANSYS program was adopted to carry on elastic-plastic time-history analysis on an inverted V-CBSF and a V-CBSF under rarely occurred earthquake. Through extracting the axial force of the compressive braces after buckling，it was verified that the remained bearing capacity of compressive braces after buckling was about 70% .
2011, 41(4): 129-132.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104027
Abstract:
Jinan Olympic Sports Center was the primary venue for the 2009 National Sports Games. The structure strain monitoring and its results of the steel structure for Jinan Olympic Sports Center are introduced. The stadium is a space steel truss structure. The strain monitoring programme is also introduced. In the mean time，the principle of measuring point selection and arrangement are expounded. The key bars strain is monitored using optical fiber and grating sensor and achieved higher accuracy and better stability are obtained，which can be applied to other similar structure monitorings.
Jinan Olympic Sports Center was the primary venue for the 2009 National Sports Games. The structure strain monitoring and its results of the steel structure for Jinan Olympic Sports Center are introduced. The stadium is a space steel truss structure. The strain monitoring programme is also introduced. In the mean time，the principle of measuring point selection and arrangement are expounded. The key bars strain is monitored using optical fiber and grating sensor and achieved higher accuracy and better stability are obtained，which can be applied to other similar structure monitorings.
2011, 41(4): 133-135,102.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104028
Abstract:
In the technological transformation of a thermal power plant，a new deaerator and some ancillary facilities with a total weight of 2 000 kN would be placed on two beams of Oxygen Room. The load far beyond the originally designed carrying capacity of beams. With analysis and appraisal，it was determined that they should be reinforced by method of section-steel bonded. Based on the theoretical assumption，positive bending moment reinforcement was designed by the classical theory of rectangular cross-section flexural strength，negative bending moment reinforcement designed by the formula form related experimental study. Processing and production of section-steel beams must be precise. As the deformation of section-steel beams was very difficult，so，the paste construction method offixed frist before perfusionshould be used，and to ensure the joint work of both old and new structures with the shear key plates，chemical anchorage and other structural measures were also used. After the construction，load-on field test was conducted，which showed that reinforcing effect was very good.
In the technological transformation of a thermal power plant，a new deaerator and some ancillary facilities with a total weight of 2 000 kN would be placed on two beams of Oxygen Room. The load far beyond the originally designed carrying capacity of beams. With analysis and appraisal，it was determined that they should be reinforced by method of section-steel bonded. Based on the theoretical assumption，positive bending moment reinforcement was designed by the classical theory of rectangular cross-section flexural strength，negative bending moment reinforcement designed by the formula form related experimental study. Processing and production of section-steel beams must be precise. As the deformation of section-steel beams was very difficult，so，the paste construction method offixed frist before perfusionshould be used，and to ensure the joint work of both old and new structures with the shear key plates，chemical anchorage and other structural measures were also used. After the construction，load-on field test was conducted，which showed that reinforcing effect was very good.
2011, 41(4): 136-139.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104029
Abstract:
Uneven settlement of foundation is one of the main reasons leading to inclination of a structure and crack of components. The uneven settlement and over-settlement of a residential building with seven-storey masonry structure in Changsha are introduced and their reason are analyzed. The application of grouting through perforated pipe was set forth，and the related treatment for masonry and concrete members was proposed.
Uneven settlement of foundation is one of the main reasons leading to inclination of a structure and crack of components. The uneven settlement and over-settlement of a residential building with seven-storey masonry structure in Changsha are introduced and their reason are analyzed. The application of grouting through perforated pipe was set forth，and the related treatment for masonry and concrete members was proposed.
2011, 41(4): 140-143,149.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104030
Abstract:
The excavation project for the pump room of a thermo-electric plant is close to hills. Its geological and environmental condition is complicated，which is disadvantageous to its design. According to the safe principle and convenient construction，punching cast-in-place concrete pile and steel box girder were adopted to support the structure. And the high pressure jet grouting was used to act as waterproof heavy curtain. Through the whole construction and monitoring result，it is shown that the design is reasonable.
The excavation project for the pump room of a thermo-electric plant is close to hills. Its geological and environmental condition is complicated，which is disadvantageous to its design. According to the safe principle and convenient construction，punching cast-in-place concrete pile and steel box girder were adopted to support the structure. And the high pressure jet grouting was used to act as waterproof heavy curtain. Through the whole construction and monitoring result，it is shown that the design is reasonable.
2011, 41(4): 144-143,149.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104031
Abstract:
From interpretation of library buildings special significance to the university campus，this article analyzes the generation of design ideas of the Social Science Library of Tsinghua University. On this basis，it summarizes Bottas design features of the motif selection and location context integration combined to the important public interface creation. Furthermore，it explores the internal relations between design ideas expression and public interface transaction from the aspects of architecture recognition，naturallights，details and furniture.
From interpretation of library buildings special significance to the university campus，this article analyzes the generation of design ideas of the Social Science Library of Tsinghua University. On this basis，it summarizes Bottas design features of the motif selection and location context integration combined to the important public interface creation. Furthermore，it explores the internal relations between design ideas expression and public interface transaction from the aspects of architecture recognition，naturallights，details and furniture.
2011, 41(4): 150-153.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201104032
Abstract:
With the unceasing enhancement of the people living standard，people s request for the function，the spatial arrangement and the comfort of the residential dwelling size is also getting higher，which is manifested in the innovative design of housing auxiliary spaces，such as kitchen，bathroom and so on. . This article mainly from the entrance hall，the kitchen，home service room，the bathroom and the preserve has analyzed the main points of this kind of spatial design and the importance of the modern residential dwelling size.
With the unceasing enhancement of the people living standard，people s request for the function，the spatial arrangement and the comfort of the residential dwelling size is also getting higher，which is manifested in the innovative design of housing auxiliary spaces，such as kitchen，bathroom and so on. . This article mainly from the entrance hall，the kitchen，home service room，the bathroom and the preserve has analyzed the main points of this kind of spatial design and the importance of the modern residential dwelling size.
