Login
Register
E-alert
2011 Vol. 41, No. 11
Display Method:
2011, 41(11): 1-5.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111001
Abstract:
Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden is the auxiliary project of Shanghai Expo 2010,which illustrates Better city,better life by means of green.In the field of public buildings,the design of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden showed us an extraordinary work of particular characters,which totally overthrow the traditional concept of garden buildings.In the international bidding for the schematic design of this project,Deutsche Planning VaIentien stood out by its special ideas of the master plan.The complex appearances and huge volumes of the architectures,the pursuit of combining building shapes with the environments,the implement of green and energy conservation theories,the integration of architectural technologies and arts were unified perfectly.The new exploration and new concept in architectural design applied in this project were introduced in detailed.
Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden is the auxiliary project of Shanghai Expo 2010,which illustrates Better city,better life by means of green.In the field of public buildings,the design of Shanghai Chenshan Botanic Garden showed us an extraordinary work of particular characters,which totally overthrow the traditional concept of garden buildings.In the international bidding for the schematic design of this project,Deutsche Planning VaIentien stood out by its special ideas of the master plan.The complex appearances and huge volumes of the architectures,the pursuit of combining building shapes with the environments,the implement of green and energy conservation theories,the integration of architectural technologies and arts were unified perfectly.The new exploration and new concept in architectural design applied in this project were introduced in detailed.
2011, 41(11): 6-10,24.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111002
Abstract:
Tall fill was needed close to buildings in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.The project was done in Shanghai where there was little referred project experience.Based on this project design and construction,the adverse impacts on the near buildings caused by the tall fill was studied in detail.The calculation parameters of the soils were achieved from the experiment dam,and the simulation analysis was rather accurate.The construction management plan was presented for the tall fill project and the measures implemented with great efficiency were obtained.At one time,the simulation results were contrasted with the full process testing data．
Tall fill was needed close to buildings in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.The project was done in Shanghai where there was little referred project experience.Based on this project design and construction,the adverse impacts on the near buildings caused by the tall fill was studied in detail.The calculation parameters of the soils were achieved from the experiment dam,and the simulation analysis was rather accurate.The construction management plan was presented for the tall fill project and the measures implemented with great efficiency were obtained.At one time,the simulation results were contrasted with the full process testing data．
2011, 41(11): 11-15.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111003
Abstract:
Tall fill was needed near the scientific research center which was one of the important multifunctional buildings in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.Research on the experiment dam,refutations of the design parameters,horizontal force transmission of the tall earth-retaining wall and the structure in both ends were introduced in detail in the paper.Investigation in the adverse impacts on the nearby building caused by the tall fill were explained and the utility design method was suggested,which could be a reference to relevant projects.
Tall fill was needed near the scientific research center which was one of the important multifunctional buildings in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.Research on the experiment dam,refutations of the design parameters,horizontal force transmission of the tall earth-retaining wall and the structure in both ends were introduced in detail in the paper.Investigation in the adverse impacts on the nearby building caused by the tall fill were explained and the utility design method was suggested,which could be a reference to relevant projects.
2011, 41(11): 16-19,29.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111004
Abstract:
The ultimate bearing capacity of 28 m long pipe pile was analyzed by FLAC 3D.The numerical simulation of construction management plan of main entrance buildings was done.The measures for reducing the adverse impacts of the tall fill were studied.By engineering practice and the full process testing data analysis,it was recognized that the synthetical engineering methods of the isolated area of embankment piles and the reasonable construction management plans were safe and economical.
The ultimate bearing capacity of 28 m long pipe pile was analyzed by FLAC 3D.The numerical simulation of construction management plan of main entrance buildings was done.The measures for reducing the adverse impacts of the tall fill were studied.By engineering practice and the full process testing data analysis,it was recognized that the synthetical engineering methods of the isolated area of embankment piles and the reasonable construction management plans were safe and economical.
2011, 41(11): 20-24.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111005
Abstract:
The tallest fill was located in the nearby entrance multi-functional building that was one of the important buildings in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.Original solution was modified completely due to the pressing time limit and the rise pile cap design scheme was adopted finally.Based on the analysis of the adverse impacts on pile foundation of the main building caused by the tall fill at embankment piles area,the reasonable construction sequence was found.
The tallest fill was located in the nearby entrance multi-functional building that was one of the important buildings in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.Original solution was modified completely due to the pressing time limit and the rise pile cap design scheme was adopted finally.Based on the analysis of the adverse impacts on pile foundation of the main building caused by the tall fill at embankment piles area,the reasonable construction sequence was found.
2011, 41(11): 25-29.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111006
Abstract:
In order to reduce the the adverse impacts of the tall fill on the nearby buildings,the embankment piles were widely used in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden and played a significant role between major structures retaining wall and the tall fill.This paper introduced special design technology measures of the test piles and discussed engineering features of the experiment of composite piled foundation,pile-soil ratio testing and settlement analysis.The design parameters were studied carefully so that the precise possible displacement and bending moment of the single pile could be obtained.Based on the accurate reaction of the pile stress and deformation in various conditions by three-dimensional finite element software,it was proposed reasonable fill and construction sequences of the pile foundation.
In order to reduce the the adverse impacts of the tall fill on the nearby buildings,the embankment piles were widely used in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden and played a significant role between major structures retaining wall and the tall fill.This paper introduced special design technology measures of the test piles and discussed engineering features of the experiment of composite piled foundation,pile-soil ratio testing and settlement analysis.The design parameters were studied carefully so that the precise possible displacement and bending moment of the single pile could be obtained.Based on the accurate reaction of the pile stress and deformation in various conditions by three-dimensional finite element software,it was proposed reasonable fill and construction sequences of the pile foundation.
2011, 41(11): 30-35,49.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111007
Abstract:
There are three greenhouses in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.All greenhouses are free-formed with different dimensions but with similar topology,and whose main structural form is single-layer aluminum alloy reticulate shell.In this paper,some important procedures were presented,such as structural configuration,formfinding process,structural analysis,wind-induced structural responses and detail design etc.
There are three greenhouses in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden.All greenhouses are free-formed with different dimensions but with similar topology,and whose main structural form is single-layer aluminum alloy reticulate shell.In this paper,some important procedures were presented,such as structural configuration,formfinding process,structural analysis,wind-induced structural responses and detail design etc.
2011, 41(11): 36-41.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111008
Abstract:
Aluminum alloy single-layer reticulated shell was adopted for the Shanghai Botanical Garden greenhouses.The longest greenhouse was about 200 m,which belonged to overlength structures.So one of the difficulties of structure design was how to reduce the impact of the thermal stress of the structure,especially the linear expansion factor of the aluminum alloy was twice of the steel.It would be not effective to use fixed support except for sliding support.Another feature of the structure was lots of supports,whose boundary were a closed loop.So it was feasible to release the temperature stress only when the friction factor of the support was little enough(0.01).Therefore,a roller rolling-sliding limit spring support was designed,which could satisfy the performance demand according to the experiment and on-site test.
Aluminum alloy single-layer reticulated shell was adopted for the Shanghai Botanical Garden greenhouses.The longest greenhouse was about 200 m,which belonged to overlength structures.So one of the difficulties of structure design was how to reduce the impact of the thermal stress of the structure,especially the linear expansion factor of the aluminum alloy was twice of the steel.It would be not effective to use fixed support except for sliding support.Another feature of the structure was lots of supports,whose boundary were a closed loop.So it was feasible to release the temperature stress only when the friction factor of the support was little enough(0.01).Therefore,a roller rolling-sliding limit spring support was designed,which could satisfy the performance demand according to the experiment and on-site test.
2011, 41(11): 42-44.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111009
Abstract:
Based on the structural characteristics of the greenhouse project in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,it was expounded the difficulties of the foundation design.The step-by-step design was used in this project.Key measures for reducing the uneven settlement of greenhouse foundation and the adverse impacts on the pile foundation of greenhouse caused by tall fill was discussed,which were verified in project practice.
Based on the structural characteristics of the greenhouse project in Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,it was expounded the difficulties of the foundation design.The step-by-step design was used in this project.Key measures for reducing the uneven settlement of greenhouse foundation and the adverse impacts on the pile foundation of greenhouse caused by tall fill was discussed,which were verified in project practice.
2011, 41(11): 45-49.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111010
Abstract:
In the modern urban development process,because of the change of city planning,industries moved into industrial parks,and the original industrial buildings were abandoned.Among them,some industrial building have prominent characteristics,intact structures,to make a reasonable reconstruction and make full use of it,not only can save energy,but also can keep the urban memory,to realize the organic updating of old town.Based on the Xuzhou Xinhe Mining Area's industrial architecture rebuilding project,it was explored the suitable modes of transformation and reuse of industrial buildings through the conversion of space function and enduing culture meanings to industrial architectures.
In the modern urban development process,because of the change of city planning,industries moved into industrial parks,and the original industrial buildings were abandoned.Among them,some industrial building have prominent characteristics,intact structures,to make a reasonable reconstruction and make full use of it,not only can save energy,but also can keep the urban memory,to realize the organic updating of old town.Based on the Xuzhou Xinhe Mining Area's industrial architecture rebuilding project,it was explored the suitable modes of transformation and reuse of industrial buildings through the conversion of space function and enduing culture meanings to industrial architectures.
2011, 41(11): 50-53.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111011
Abstract:
With the issue of sustainable development occupying an increasingly important role in human life,the pattern of modern industrial development is also facing with new challenges.In this paper,aiming at the sustainable development and ecological strategies,the planning and architectural design of Jiahai Industrial Park of Xiangyang are taken for example,the methods of eco-park design are proposed,including planning concepts、land use,green landscape,traffic organization,architectural language etc,which could provide the reference for eco-industrial park construction and thinking of promoting the harmonious development between eco-industrial parks and cities.
With the issue of sustainable development occupying an increasingly important role in human life,the pattern of modern industrial development is also facing with new challenges.In this paper,aiming at the sustainable development and ecological strategies,the planning and architectural design of Jiahai Industrial Park of Xiangyang are taken for example,the methods of eco-park design are proposed,including planning concepts、land use,green landscape,traffic organization,architectural language etc,which could provide the reference for eco-industrial park construction and thinking of promoting the harmonious development between eco-industrial parks and cities.
2011, 41(11): 54-59.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111012
Abstract:
The key of protection about industrial heritages is to find.To find valuable heritages from countless resources becomes a prerequisite for scientific protection and adaptive-reuse.Based on it,it analyzes the current situation about the industrial heritages of Three Construction in Chongqing through relevant theories.To explore the based-value assessing system and establish the quantitative methodology are aims to categorize as the different levels,which serve to further protection.And taking Chongqing Steel factory for an example,it analyzes the adaptability of based-value assessing system which provides a supporting relevance for other heritage protection.
The key of protection about industrial heritages is to find.To find valuable heritages from countless resources becomes a prerequisite for scientific protection and adaptive-reuse.Based on it,it analyzes the current situation about the industrial heritages of Three Construction in Chongqing through relevant theories.To explore the based-value assessing system and establish the quantitative methodology are aims to categorize as the different levels,which serve to further protection.And taking Chongqing Steel factory for an example,it analyzes the adaptability of based-value assessing system which provides a supporting relevance for other heritage protection.
2011, 41(11): 60-65.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111013
Abstract:
One unstrengthened low strength cavity wall and three cavity walls strengthened with high strength steel wire and polymer mortar were tested under low frequency cyclic horizontal load.The failure mode,ultimate strength,hysteresis loops,stiffness degradation,and energy dissipation of these walls were analyzed.The test results showed that the bearing capacity and deformability of the strengthened cavity walls increased significantly;the initial stiffness was improved and the stiffness degradation was retarded.The shear bearing capacities of cavity walls before and after strengthening were calculated using empiric formulas and the calculation results were close to experimental results.
One unstrengthened low strength cavity wall and three cavity walls strengthened with high strength steel wire and polymer mortar were tested under low frequency cyclic horizontal load.The failure mode,ultimate strength,hysteresis loops,stiffness degradation,and energy dissipation of these walls were analyzed.The test results showed that the bearing capacity and deformability of the strengthened cavity walls increased significantly;the initial stiffness was improved and the stiffness degradation was retarded.The shear bearing capacities of cavity walls before and after strengthening were calculated using empiric formulas and the calculation results were close to experimental results.
2011, 41(11): 66-70.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111014
Abstract:
It is found that the calculated flexural capacity from formula provided in the code is significantly larger than the numerical results and test results when the axial load ratio is low,and is much smaller when the ratio is high.In order to overcome this deficiency,a new method is proposed to calculate flexural capacity,in which the characteristic of circular section and the stress distribution of the section are considered.The calculated results agree well with numerical results.
It is found that the calculated flexural capacity from formula provided in the code is significantly larger than the numerical results and test results when the axial load ratio is low,and is much smaller when the ratio is high.In order to overcome this deficiency,a new method is proposed to calculate flexural capacity,in which the characteristic of circular section and the stress distribution of the section are considered.The calculated results agree well with numerical results.
2011, 41(11): 71-75.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111015
Abstract:
The multi-ribbed composite wall is a new building structure which possesses the characteristics of the load-bearing,enclosure,energy saving and anti-seism.It is monolithically cast of the invisible frame、prefabricated multi-ribbed composite wall and the floor,which has multi-line to act against earthquake and can release earthquake energy by stages.In view of the fact that the act against earthquake response is closely related to the wall lateral stiffness,it is established the nonlinear finite element model of the multi-ribbed composite wall with ANSYS based on the experiment study.Under interaction of the horizontal load and the vertical load,different FEA models are built with different materials,almost a linear correlation between filled block elastic modulus and the wall's lateral stiffness,comparing the analysis result with the experiment one shows,that the model has certain practical value,which can provide reference calculations for the structure design.
The multi-ribbed composite wall is a new building structure which possesses the characteristics of the load-bearing,enclosure,energy saving and anti-seism.It is monolithically cast of the invisible frame、prefabricated multi-ribbed composite wall and the floor,which has multi-line to act against earthquake and can release earthquake energy by stages.In view of the fact that the act against earthquake response is closely related to the wall lateral stiffness,it is established the nonlinear finite element model of the multi-ribbed composite wall with ANSYS based on the experiment study.Under interaction of the horizontal load and the vertical load,different FEA models are built with different materials,almost a linear correlation between filled block elastic modulus and the wall's lateral stiffness,comparing the analysis result with the experiment one shows,that the model has certain practical value,which can provide reference calculations for the structure design.
2011, 41(11): 76-80.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111016
Abstract:
Based on 6 steel fiber reinforced concrete beams and 2 non-doped beams both with grade HRB500 reinforcement of low-cost and high-performance,its failure modes and carrying capacities with different dosage of steel fiber are analyzed.To test whether the formulas for calculating the cracking moment and bearing capacity and crack width in the existing code are the same with the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams with grade HRB500 reinforcement of low-cost and high-performance.The result indicates the values of cracking moment and carrying capacity are incresed,and crack width is decreased as compared with the non-doped beams.the values of carrying capacity and crack width measured and calculated matched well,so formulas for calculating the carrying capacity and crack width still can be used,to the cracking moment of the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams the correction formula was given.
Based on 6 steel fiber reinforced concrete beams and 2 non-doped beams both with grade HRB500 reinforcement of low-cost and high-performance,its failure modes and carrying capacities with different dosage of steel fiber are analyzed.To test whether the formulas for calculating the cracking moment and bearing capacity and crack width in the existing code are the same with the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams with grade HRB500 reinforcement of low-cost and high-performance.The result indicates the values of cracking moment and carrying capacity are incresed,and crack width is decreased as compared with the non-doped beams.the values of carrying capacity and crack width measured and calculated matched well,so formulas for calculating the carrying capacity and crack width still can be used,to the cracking moment of the steel fiber reinforced concrete beams the correction formula was given.
2011, 41(11): 81-84,88.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111017
Abstract:
Compression property is the main mechanical property of recycled concrete hollow block masonry.From the compression test of members for a masonry,it is researched the compression strength,elastic modulus,the stress-strain curve and Poisson ratio.At the same time the laws and test results are compared and analyzed in this paper,it is given the suggested design value of compression strength of this sort of masonry.The test results show that recycled concrete block masonry has better compression strength and ability of deformation,so it can be used for load-bearing wall material.
Compression property is the main mechanical property of recycled concrete hollow block masonry.From the compression test of members for a masonry,it is researched the compression strength,elastic modulus,the stress-strain curve and Poisson ratio.At the same time the laws and test results are compared and analyzed in this paper,it is given the suggested design value of compression strength of this sort of masonry.The test results show that recycled concrete block masonry has better compression strength and ability of deformation,so it can be used for load-bearing wall material.
2011, 41(11): 85-88.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111018
Abstract:
It is examined the influence of lateral impact loading rate,longitudinal reinforcement ratio and stirrup ratio on the failure mode,lateral bearing capacity of RC columns by experimental research on the dynamic response of RC columns under lateral impact loading.The test results show that increasing in longitudinal reinforcement ratio can enhance ultimate load bearing of the columns.The greater the loading rate,the greater the increased amplitude.It is also demonstrated that the main factor influencing the failure mode of RC columns is stirrup spacing.The column is prone to shear failure when the stirrup spacing is large otherwise to flexural failure.
It is examined the influence of lateral impact loading rate,longitudinal reinforcement ratio and stirrup ratio on the failure mode,lateral bearing capacity of RC columns by experimental research on the dynamic response of RC columns under lateral impact loading.The test results show that increasing in longitudinal reinforcement ratio can enhance ultimate load bearing of the columns.The greater the loading rate,the greater the increased amplitude.It is also demonstrated that the main factor influencing the failure mode of RC columns is stirrup spacing.The column is prone to shear failure when the stirrup spacing is large otherwise to flexural failure.
2011, 41(11): 89-91.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111019
Abstract:
On the basis of tests including the experiments of 6 compressive specimens and 12 shear specimens,the failure pattern,the cracking resistant load,the ultimate capacity and deformation capacity of concrete block masonry are analyzed.The results show that the cracking load,compressive strength,shear strength and elastic modulus of this kind of block masonry have been enhanced on the diffirrent degree as compared to the common concrete block masonry.
On the basis of tests including the experiments of 6 compressive specimens and 12 shear specimens,the failure pattern,the cracking resistant load,the ultimate capacity and deformation capacity of concrete block masonry are analyzed.The results show that the cracking load,compressive strength,shear strength and elastic modulus of this kind of block masonry have been enhanced on the diffirrent degree as compared to the common concrete block masonry.
2011, 41(11): 92-95.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111020
Abstract:
Joint is a key structure to the precast segmental construction bridge,and also is the weak link.Whether the shear behavior of joint structure is good or bad will directly affect the carrying capacity of whole bridge.However,there is not much study on shear behavior of joint structure both at home and abroad,either no corresponding design code for designing of joint.Based on the joint section of 30 m external prestressing simply supported beam with precast segmental construction in Guangzhou metro line 4,ANSYS infinite element analysis software is used for nonlinear numerical simulation,the stress mechanism of dry joint external prestressing concrete bridge by precast segmental construction under the direct shear is analyzed.Distribution laws of displacement and stress of the joint section are obtained,which may be a reference for the design of similar bridges.
Joint is a key structure to the precast segmental construction bridge,and also is the weak link.Whether the shear behavior of joint structure is good or bad will directly affect the carrying capacity of whole bridge.However,there is not much study on shear behavior of joint structure both at home and abroad,either no corresponding design code for designing of joint.Based on the joint section of 30 m external prestressing simply supported beam with precast segmental construction in Guangzhou metro line 4,ANSYS infinite element analysis software is used for nonlinear numerical simulation,the stress mechanism of dry joint external prestressing concrete bridge by precast segmental construction under the direct shear is analyzed.Distribution laws of displacement and stress of the joint section are obtained,which may be a reference for the design of similar bridges.
2011, 41(11): 96-99,103.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111021
Abstract:
This paper based on the example of a basement in the constructed building which has its concrete poured and temperature controlled.And then it expounds that the works on pilot calculation of temperature-controlling should be executed during the construction plan of mass concrete.When the 2.2 m thick mass concrete of the raft shape foundation is constructed at daily mean temperature 22 ℃,the curing method of adopting heat insulation and wet retaining and storing water on the surface of the concrete is feasible.The heat difference between the inside and the outside of mass concrete can be controlled below 25 ℃ and there are no temperature cracks.Moreover the long concrete wall with concrete formwork,which preserves temperature curing and puts on reserving post-pouring belts reasonably,is the key to the crack-preventing of wall.The temperature-controlling indexes are estimated of the raft foundation and the long concrete wall,which provide a theoretical basis for the smooth construction of concrete structure.
This paper based on the example of a basement in the constructed building which has its concrete poured and temperature controlled.And then it expounds that the works on pilot calculation of temperature-controlling should be executed during the construction plan of mass concrete.When the 2.2 m thick mass concrete of the raft shape foundation is constructed at daily mean temperature 22 ℃,the curing method of adopting heat insulation and wet retaining and storing water on the surface of the concrete is feasible.The heat difference between the inside and the outside of mass concrete can be controlled below 25 ℃ and there are no temperature cracks.Moreover the long concrete wall with concrete formwork,which preserves temperature curing and puts on reserving post-pouring belts reasonably,is the key to the crack-preventing of wall.The temperature-controlling indexes are estimated of the raft foundation and the long concrete wall,which provide a theoretical basis for the smooth construction of concrete structure.
2011, 41(11): 100-103.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111022
Abstract:
The construction process and design of inducing joint for an underground project of Changzhou are analyzed.The design details and construction program are introduced.After construction,the fissures of two wallboards are described.The results show that fissures may occur intensively in the position of inducing joint when the construction process is carried out.The measures can not only reduce the amount,but also decrease the width of fissures.There is no water seepage on the wall,and the performance of the leaks in the inducing joint are good after properly treated.Meanwhile,the measures that weaken the strength in the inducing joint,can not influence the whole construction strength because of the exterior protected construction.The application of the inducing joint may reduce the project cost of anticrack and the seepage-proofing repairs expense.
The construction process and design of inducing joint for an underground project of Changzhou are analyzed.The design details and construction program are introduced.After construction,the fissures of two wallboards are described.The results show that fissures may occur intensively in the position of inducing joint when the construction process is carried out.The measures can not only reduce the amount,but also decrease the width of fissures.There is no water seepage on the wall,and the performance of the leaks in the inducing joint are good after properly treated.Meanwhile,the measures that weaken the strength in the inducing joint,can not influence the whole construction strength because of the exterior protected construction.The application of the inducing joint may reduce the project cost of anticrack and the seepage-proofing repairs expense.
2011, 41(11): 104-109.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111023
Abstract:
In GB 500102002,the Mu-Nu relevant curve composed of two relevant curves couldn't transit well,and the small eccentric curves couldn't be connected with the axial point,which cause the calculation results with small eccentric formula near axial compression point to be unsafe.A unified calculation method is derived to connect pure bending,eccentric compression and axial compression.The formula has a definite physical meaning.Through the convergence between the small eccentric compression curves and axial compression point,these issues can be solved effectively.By comparing the curve of unified formula with that of code,which is consistent relatively,the judge of the type of eccentricity can be cancelled and the calculated reinforcement area can be returned to the unified formula for checking.The results show that there is a reinforcement mutation between small eccentricity formula and axial compression formula of the code.The small eccentric formula near axial compression point is not safe.The reinforcement calculation of the unified formula has a good transition and can meet the demand of GB 500682001.
In GB 500102002,the Mu-Nu relevant curve composed of two relevant curves couldn't transit well,and the small eccentric curves couldn't be connected with the axial point,which cause the calculation results with small eccentric formula near axial compression point to be unsafe.A unified calculation method is derived to connect pure bending,eccentric compression and axial compression.The formula has a definite physical meaning.Through the convergence between the small eccentric compression curves and axial compression point,these issues can be solved effectively.By comparing the curve of unified formula with that of code,which is consistent relatively,the judge of the type of eccentricity can be cancelled and the calculated reinforcement area can be returned to the unified formula for checking.The results show that there is a reinforcement mutation between small eccentricity formula and axial compression formula of the code.The small eccentric formula near axial compression point is not safe.The reinforcement calculation of the unified formula has a good transition and can meet the demand of GB 500682001.
2011, 41(11): 110-115.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111024
Abstract:
The tension forming process of cable-net structures in construction is the process of solving unstable equilibriums,in which the mechanism and elastic deformation are coupled.On the basis of unstressed cable length,an analytical parabolic cable element is used to consider the elastic tension and deformation.The unbalanced nodal force vector is evaluated by using the equilibrium matrix theory of the pin joint system,which avoids solving the singular stiffness matrix of a mechanism.The dynamical relaxation method is used to solve the nonlinear equation by making the coupling problem decoupled.Numerical examples indicate that the proposed algorithm is capable of solving the unstable equilibrium and simulating the tension forming process in construction by changing the unstressed length of active cables.When there is no load or the load is small,the analytical results of employing parabolic elements and link elements are significantly different,which shows the fidelity of parabolic cable elements.
The tension forming process of cable-net structures in construction is the process of solving unstable equilibriums,in which the mechanism and elastic deformation are coupled.On the basis of unstressed cable length,an analytical parabolic cable element is used to consider the elastic tension and deformation.The unbalanced nodal force vector is evaluated by using the equilibrium matrix theory of the pin joint system,which avoids solving the singular stiffness matrix of a mechanism.The dynamical relaxation method is used to solve the nonlinear equation by making the coupling problem decoupled.Numerical examples indicate that the proposed algorithm is capable of solving the unstable equilibrium and simulating the tension forming process in construction by changing the unstressed length of active cables.When there is no load or the load is small,the analytical results of employing parabolic elements and link elements are significantly different,which shows the fidelity of parabolic cable elements.
2011, 41(11): 116-119,59.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111025
Abstract:
To study the mechanical performance of FRP-steel composite tube concrete flexural components,a steel tube concrete flexural component and two FRP-steel composite tube flexural components were experimentally investigated.Two FRP-steel composite tube components were composite with 2 layers of CFRP and steel and a layer of CFRP+2 layers of BFRP and steel.The test results showed that the ultimate bearing capacity of steel tube concrete flexural components could be enhanced by FRP.The hardening stage of load-displacement curves were achieved after steel yielding of the FRP-steel composite tube concrete specimens,the security capacity reserve was increased and a certain stiffness of the component after yielding is achieved.The fibre broken group by group gradually could be realized by different fibres and steel composite,the failure mode was changed.
To study the mechanical performance of FRP-steel composite tube concrete flexural components,a steel tube concrete flexural component and two FRP-steel composite tube flexural components were experimentally investigated.Two FRP-steel composite tube components were composite with 2 layers of CFRP and steel and a layer of CFRP+2 layers of BFRP and steel.The test results showed that the ultimate bearing capacity of steel tube concrete flexural components could be enhanced by FRP.The hardening stage of load-displacement curves were achieved after steel yielding of the FRP-steel composite tube concrete specimens,the security capacity reserve was increased and a certain stiffness of the component after yielding is achieved.The fibre broken group by group gradually could be realized by different fibres and steel composite,the failure mode was changed.
2011, 41(11): 120-124,109.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111026
Abstract:
A total of 6 concrete-filled circular steel tubular columns were tested under eccentric load of unequal end-moment.The primary parameters in the tests were end-moment ratio and max eccentricity.The results show that all the specimens were destroyed due to the instability ultimately,end-moment ratio has important effect on the failure modes of the specimens;the greater the end-moment ratio and the eccentricity ratio,the smaller the rigidity and the bearing capacity.On this basis,the behavior of concrete-filled circular steel tubular columns under eccentric loading of unequal end-moments is analyzed by finite element method.The calculated results agree well with the experimental results.
A total of 6 concrete-filled circular steel tubular columns were tested under eccentric load of unequal end-moment.The primary parameters in the tests were end-moment ratio and max eccentricity.The results show that all the specimens were destroyed due to the instability ultimately,end-moment ratio has important effect on the failure modes of the specimens;the greater the end-moment ratio and the eccentricity ratio,the smaller the rigidity and the bearing capacity.On this basis,the behavior of concrete-filled circular steel tubular columns under eccentric loading of unequal end-moments is analyzed by finite element method.The calculated results agree well with the experimental results.
2011, 41(11): 125-129.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111027
Abstract:
Based on the random earthquake field theory,the spatial correlation and non-stationary shaking field with engineering conditions was artificially synthesized,and its correlation analysis was worked in this paper.The seismic response of the general large-span structures was carried on the numerical simulation analysis under multi-dimensional and multi-support seismic excitation,multi-dimensional and uniform seismic excitation,and the reaction rule of pillars shear,pillars torque,beam bending moment and node displacement for the general large-span structures were researched,then some important conclusions were get.These results would provide the reference for the seismic design of a long-span space structure.
Based on the random earthquake field theory,the spatial correlation and non-stationary shaking field with engineering conditions was artificially synthesized,and its correlation analysis was worked in this paper.The seismic response of the general large-span structures was carried on the numerical simulation analysis under multi-dimensional and multi-support seismic excitation,multi-dimensional and uniform seismic excitation,and the reaction rule of pillars shear,pillars torque,beam bending moment and node displacement for the general large-span structures were researched,then some important conclusions were get.These results would provide the reference for the seismic design of a long-span space structure.
2011, 41(11): 130-133.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111028
Abstract:
Under the twin shear unified strength theory,the research on the axial bearing capacity of FPR-concrete-steel double-skin tubular short columns was carried out.Through considering the influence of intermediate principal stress and the normal stress on the corresponding surface,ignoring the contribution of the outer tube to the axial bearing capacity of the short column and considering the hooping effect of the tube on the concrete,formula of axial bearing capacity of FPR-concrete-steel double-skin tubular short columns was presented and influencing factors were analyzed.The calculation results were compared with the experiment results in relevant documents and the finite element analysis results,well coinciding with each other,which suggests that the inferred formula has a certain applicability.
Under the twin shear unified strength theory,the research on the axial bearing capacity of FPR-concrete-steel double-skin tubular short columns was carried out.Through considering the influence of intermediate principal stress and the normal stress on the corresponding surface,ignoring the contribution of the outer tube to the axial bearing capacity of the short column and considering the hooping effect of the tube on the concrete,formula of axial bearing capacity of FPR-concrete-steel double-skin tubular short columns was presented and influencing factors were analyzed.The calculation results were compared with the experiment results in relevant documents and the finite element analysis results,well coinciding with each other,which suggests that the inferred formula has a certain applicability.
2011, 41(11): 134-137.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111029
Abstract:
The structural performance of a fishery workshop in Weihai was detected after fire.The mortar compressive strength was detected by penetration method,the concrete strength was measured according to the drilling concrete samples,and residual bearing capacity of the prestressed concrete slabs with double T-sections was inspected by static loading test.The retrofitting measures were put forward to damaged bond-beam,roof board and masonry wall respectively,which can provide basis for treating project accidents.
The structural performance of a fishery workshop in Weihai was detected after fire.The mortar compressive strength was detected by penetration method,the concrete strength was measured according to the drilling concrete samples,and residual bearing capacity of the prestressed concrete slabs with double T-sections was inspected by static loading test.The retrofitting measures were put forward to damaged bond-beam,roof board and masonry wall respectively,which can provide basis for treating project accidents.
2011, 41(11): 138-141,153.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111030
Abstract:
It has been investigated and analyzed the low-cost energy-saving reconstruction technology of large commercial buildings,and also compared various kinds of technologyes.It is pointed out that fuzzy frequency control technology of main engine room,replacing energy-saving lights,improving standard of lighting system management,energy-saving control of escalator have more advantages while implementing energy-saving reform of large commercial buildings.Based on one case,it is analyzed the economic and environmental benefits of the retrofitting technology.
It has been investigated and analyzed the low-cost energy-saving reconstruction technology of large commercial buildings,and also compared various kinds of technologyes.It is pointed out that fuzzy frequency control technology of main engine room,replacing energy-saving lights,improving standard of lighting system management,energy-saving control of escalator have more advantages while implementing energy-saving reform of large commercial buildings.Based on one case,it is analyzed the economic and environmental benefits of the retrofitting technology.
2011, 41(11): 142-145,149.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111031
Abstract:
Using the ASTM C1202 method and the NEL method,the experimental study on the impermeability to chloride ions of high performance concrete was performed,including high performance concrete mixed with only slag and mixed with compound mineral admixture.The correlations between electric flux and chloride diffusion coefficient were discussed.Test result indicated that the mineral admixture can effectively raise the ability to resist chloride ion penetration into high performance concrete.Mixing slag and fly ash especially could more effectively improve the impermebibty to chloride ions of the high performance concrete,and good correlation between electric flux and chloride diffusion coefficient was also showed.When water cement ratio was smaller,the correlation between the two indexes was better.
Using the ASTM C1202 method and the NEL method,the experimental study on the impermeability to chloride ions of high performance concrete was performed,including high performance concrete mixed with only slag and mixed with compound mineral admixture.The correlations between electric flux and chloride diffusion coefficient were discussed.Test result indicated that the mineral admixture can effectively raise the ability to resist chloride ion penetration into high performance concrete.Mixing slag and fly ash especially could more effectively improve the impermebibty to chloride ions of the high performance concrete,and good correlation between electric flux and chloride diffusion coefficient was also showed.When water cement ratio was smaller,the correlation between the two indexes was better.
2011, 41(11): 146-149.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111032
Abstract:
The deep changes of modern society lead to the evolution of the university education opinion.Following the advancement of economic and technology,as well as the continuous develupment and reneual it is necessary to seek the fitting idea and method of campus space design to adapt the change of modern university opinion,the role and the function.
The deep changes of modern society lead to the evolution of the university education opinion.Following the advancement of economic and technology,as well as the continuous develupment and reneual it is necessary to seek the fitting idea and method of campus space design to adapt the change of modern university opinion,the role and the function.
2011, 41(11): 150-153.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz201111033
Abstract:
From the power supply building scheme design of Xuancheng Power Company,the architecture experience of Huizhou characteristic space is initiated.It is explained rationally how to use the shared space of the traditional building in a modern office building.From nominal element handling,to the inheritance and expression of space,as well as taking their influence on the modern office building as the starting point,initiate space sharing and the continuity of time are initinted.
From the power supply building scheme design of Xuancheng Power Company,the architecture experience of Huizhou characteristic space is initiated.It is explained rationally how to use the shared space of the traditional building in a modern office building.From nominal element handling,to the inheritance and expression of space,as well as taking their influence on the modern office building as the starting point,initiate space sharing and the continuity of time are initinted.
