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2006 Vol. 36, No. 3
Display Method:
2006, 36(3): 1-3.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603001
Abstract:
It is introduced that the problems of technical reform in the completed industrial architectures due to various causes. Two types of reforms are also explored by two engineering examples.
It is introduced that the problems of technical reform in the completed industrial architectures due to various causes. Two types of reforms are also explored by two engineering examples.
2006, 36(3): 4-8.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603002
Abstract:
There are not many discussions on planning of science park in architectural field. An analytic framework is proposed based on study of relevant theories of planning of science park. The principles and guidelines that should be followed in the planning are analyzed by selecting three cases. It is summarized the features that can g ive reference to the planning of domestic science parks.
There are not many discussions on planning of science park in architectural field. An analytic framework is proposed based on study of relevant theories of planning of science park. The principles and guidelines that should be followed in the planning are analyzed by selecting three cases. It is summarized the features that can g ive reference to the planning of domestic science parks.
2006, 36(3): 9-12.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603003
Abstract:
The architectural designs of three scientific experimental buildings with different properties and functions are analyzed and compared from architectural planning and design,building environment,equipment and materials etc. The architectural features of partial completed laboratories are also summarized from their architectural designs.
The architectural designs of three scientific experimental buildings with different properties and functions are analyzed and compared from architectural planning and design,building environment,equipment and materials etc. The architectural features of partial completed laboratories are also summarized from their architectural designs.
2006, 36(3): 13-17.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603004
Abstract:
From three token modes which are token of style,token of sign and token of law,it is summarized the conception and methods,which a modern enterprise can indicate and inherit its enterprise culture by the three architectural tokens. The purpose is to make it be used for the planning and architectural design of modern industry gardens.
From three token modes which are token of style,token of sign and token of law,it is summarized the conception and methods,which a modern enterprise can indicate and inherit its enterprise culture by the three architectural tokens. The purpose is to make it be used for the planning and architectural design of modern industry gardens.
2006, 36(3): 18-22.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603005
Abstract:
Starting with the concept of architectural details,whose basic definition and classification are expatiated and the integral principles that should be followed in detail design are also worked out. Finally the specific methods of architectural details are also explored.
Starting with the concept of architectural details,whose basic definition and classification are expatiated and the integral principles that should be followed in detail design are also worked out. Finally the specific methods of architectural details are also explored.
2006, 36(3): 23-26.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603006
Abstract:
With the rapid urbanization of the Pearl River Delta(PRD), village in city has become quite a disharmonic view,which has attracted extensive attention of the whole society. Focusing on how to change village in city,some planning principles are put formard from three aspects: utilization of culture resource,utilization of ecological resource and reconstruction of social framework.
With the rapid urbanization of the Pearl River Delta(PRD), village in city has become quite a disharmonic view,which has attracted extensive attention of the whole society. Focusing on how to change village in city,some planning principles are put formard from three aspects: utilization of culture resource,utilization of ecological resource and reconstruction of social framework.
2006, 36(3): 30-32.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603008
Abstract:
With the rapid urbanization of the Pearl River Delta(PRD), village in city has become quite a disharmonic view,which has attracted extensive attention of the whole society. Focusing on how to change village in city, some planning principles are put formard from three aspects: utilization of culture resource,utilization of ecological resource and reconstruction of social framework.
With the rapid urbanization of the Pearl River Delta(PRD), village in city has become quite a disharmonic view,which has attracted extensive attention of the whole society. Focusing on how to change village in city, some planning principles are put formard from three aspects: utilization of culture resource,utilization of ecological resource and reconstruction of social framework.
2006, 36(3): 33-37.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603009
Abstract:
Based on the principles of instantaneous optimal active control,it is developed an optimal active control algorithm commanding the structure displacement,velocity and acceleration simultaneously. Moreover,a sem-i active control of the pulsating wind vibration response of multifunctional vibration-absorption of a megaframe structure has been practised by means of magnetorheological damper. The result seems to indicate that the sem-i active control employing magnetohydrodynamic damper may be able to significantly reduce the vibration acceleration response of the main and the secondary frame. Besides, the vibration displacement response of the main frames can also be effectively suppressed. In addition,the control effect of sem-i active control may be superior to that of passive control.
Based on the principles of instantaneous optimal active control,it is developed an optimal active control algorithm commanding the structure displacement,velocity and acceleration simultaneously. Moreover,a sem-i active control of the pulsating wind vibration response of multifunctional vibration-absorption of a megaframe structure has been practised by means of magnetorheological damper. The result seems to indicate that the sem-i active control employing magnetohydrodynamic damper may be able to significantly reduce the vibration acceleration response of the main and the secondary frame. Besides, the vibration displacement response of the main frames can also be effectively suppressed. In addition,the control effect of sem-i active control may be superior to that of passive control.
2006, 36(3): 38-40.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603010
Abstract:
As a energy-dissipation member of coupled shear wall,the structural behavior of reinforced concrete coupled shear wall is greatly influenced by the behavior of their coupled beams. The failure mode of coupling beam is important in the study of shear wall. It is introduced four kinds of failure modes of coupled wall,and the reduced formula to judge the failure mode and safe state.
As a energy-dissipation member of coupled shear wall,the structural behavior of reinforced concrete coupled shear wall is greatly influenced by the behavior of their coupled beams. The failure mode of coupling beam is important in the study of shear wall. It is introduced four kinds of failure modes of coupled wall,and the reduced formula to judge the failure mode and safe state.
2006, 36(3): 41-43.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603011
Abstract:
Through the study of the opening size of short pier walls,it was earned the limited value of the opening size which decides the different mechanical characterisitics of the structure. Consequently it was also given the difinition and the classifying discriminant of short pier shear wall structure.
Through the study of the opening size of short pier walls,it was earned the limited value of the opening size which decides the different mechanical characterisitics of the structure. Consequently it was also given the difinition and the classifying discriminant of short pier shear wall structure.
2006, 36(3): 44-46.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603012
Abstract:
For single span beam or interior span beam of prestressed concrete frame,a simplified method for calculating secondary moment was developed. A parabola was used instead of real prestressing steel bar shape in this method. The method is easy and the result is accurate. But for side span beam,the method is not accurate enough because the arrangement of prestressing steel bar in side span is different from that in interior span. It is suggested that secondary moment of side span beam should be calculated with its real shape.
For single span beam or interior span beam of prestressed concrete frame,a simplified method for calculating secondary moment was developed. A parabola was used instead of real prestressing steel bar shape in this method. The method is easy and the result is accurate. But for side span beam,the method is not accurate enough because the arrangement of prestressing steel bar in side span is different from that in interior span. It is suggested that secondary moment of side span beam should be calculated with its real shape.
2006, 36(3): 47-50.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603013
Abstract:
Shrinkage deformation is a driving force to stress generation and cracking in early concrete,whereas the occurrence of cracking depends on the restraint condition. Furthermore,the degree of restraint greatly affects the mechanical properties of early concrete. The developments of restraining stress,creep behavior and elastic modulus in concrete were measured under different restraint degrees by uniax ial restrained shrinkage test,and the influence of restraint degree on evaluation of cracking sensitivity in early concrete was also discussed.
Shrinkage deformation is a driving force to stress generation and cracking in early concrete,whereas the occurrence of cracking depends on the restraint condition. Furthermore,the degree of restraint greatly affects the mechanical properties of early concrete. The developments of restraining stress,creep behavior and elastic modulus in concrete were measured under different restraint degrees by uniax ial restrained shrinkage test,and the influence of restraint degree on evaluation of cracking sensitivity in early concrete was also discussed.
2006, 36(3): 51-54.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603014
Abstract:
Parameters affecting fire res istance of concrete structures are analyzed by correlative test results and calculation results,s uch as section dimension,section shape,thicknes s of cover to reinforcement,reinforcement ratio,reinforcement varieties,load level,prestress ing degree,boundary condition etc. It can help structure engineers to grasp fire resistance of concrete structures.
Parameters affecting fire res istance of concrete structures are analyzed by correlative test results and calculation results,s uch as section dimension,section shape,thicknes s of cover to reinforcement,reinforcement ratio,reinforcement varieties,load level,prestress ing degree,boundary condition etc. It can help structure engineers to grasp fire resistance of concrete structures.
2006, 36(3): 55-58.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603015
Abstract:
The experiment study on piezoelectricity characteristics of the PVDF strain sensor between 0.1 Hz and 30 Hz is carried out and the reason why there is phase difference between PVDF strain and the output voltage of the charge amplifier within range of low frequencies is analyzed. It is observed from amplitude frequency characteristic and phase frequency characteristic that minor phase difference has little effects on the measured harmonic vibration signal but cause wave form distortion for random vibration signal. Hence within low frequency range the charge amplifier with good low frequency characteristic to match the applications of PVDF strain sensor to reduce the wave form distortion is suggested to use to measure random vibration signals.
The experiment study on piezoelectricity characteristics of the PVDF strain sensor between 0.1 Hz and 30 Hz is carried out and the reason why there is phase difference between PVDF strain and the output voltage of the charge amplifier within range of low frequencies is analyzed. It is observed from amplitude frequency characteristic and phase frequency characteristic that minor phase difference has little effects on the measured harmonic vibration signal but cause wave form distortion for random vibration signal. Hence within low frequency range the charge amplifier with good low frequency characteristic to match the applications of PVDF strain sensor to reduce the wave form distortion is suggested to use to measure random vibration signals.
2006, 36(3): 59-62.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603016
Abstract:
Compos ite truss transfer structure with web-type column (web-type column transfer structure) is a new kind of structure,where web-type columns are set up between beams. The function of web-type columns is to adjust the moment of the structures. It can realize reas onable distribution of moment in structures. It reduces the peak value of moment in the end of girders and makes the moment balance in the whole structures. It is presented the experimental study of seismic behavior on web-type column transfer structure. The failure mechanism,bearing capacity,hysteresis capacity and ductility of the structure are analyzed under lateral cyclic load. The structure has better aseismic resistance. The suggestions on des ign are given. This transfer structure is successfully applied to extension-story engineering of building.
Compos ite truss transfer structure with web-type column (web-type column transfer structure) is a new kind of structure,where web-type columns are set up between beams. The function of web-type columns is to adjust the moment of the structures. It can realize reas onable distribution of moment in structures. It reduces the peak value of moment in the end of girders and makes the moment balance in the whole structures. It is presented the experimental study of seismic behavior on web-type column transfer structure. The failure mechanism,bearing capacity,hysteresis capacity and ductility of the structure are analyzed under lateral cyclic load. The structure has better aseismic resistance. The suggestions on des ign are given. This transfer structure is successfully applied to extension-story engineering of building.
2006, 36(3): 63-66.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603017
Abstract:
Engineering properties of deep clay in H uanghuai area,such as dens ity,water content,particle size, mineralogical compos ition,expansibility,compressibility and shear strength etc., are summarized. It shows that the deep clay in H uanghuai area is s aturated expans ive soil with high liquid limit. The index properties increas e or decrease regularly with the depth or the relative water content,ex cept that they usually os cillate locally. Triaxial compression test with the remolded deep clay shows that its fraction angle is lower than that of the common shallow clay, and the strength envelope deflects with high confining stress.
Engineering properties of deep clay in H uanghuai area,such as dens ity,water content,particle size, mineralogical compos ition,expansibility,compressibility and shear strength etc., are summarized. It shows that the deep clay in H uanghuai area is s aturated expans ive soil with high liquid limit. The index properties increas e or decrease regularly with the depth or the relative water content,ex cept that they usually os cillate locally. Triaxial compression test with the remolded deep clay shows that its fraction angle is lower than that of the common shallow clay, and the strength envelope deflects with high confining stress.
2006, 36(3): 67-70.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603018
Abstract:
The concept of swelling force of expand soils was analyzed and it was pointed out that the swelling force described by Basic Nomenclature Standard of Geotechnical Engineering (GBPT 50279-98) was limit swelling force. The moistening trial to expansive soils sample was carried out and some valuable conclusion was drew that the moistening will come into being greater swelling forces at forepart and the inflexion comes forth to a certainty phase and then the relation approximates to linear,and that the relation is the non-linear negative correlativity of primary water content and the conversion swelling force. It was discussed that the influence factors on limit swelling force and it was indicated by trial that limit swelling force will decrease with increasing of primary water content for remolded soils sample with same dry density. And some representative trial regularity was made clear.
The concept of swelling force of expand soils was analyzed and it was pointed out that the swelling force described by Basic Nomenclature Standard of Geotechnical Engineering (GBPT 50279-98) was limit swelling force. The moistening trial to expansive soils sample was carried out and some valuable conclusion was drew that the moistening will come into being greater swelling forces at forepart and the inflexion comes forth to a certainty phase and then the relation approximates to linear,and that the relation is the non-linear negative correlativity of primary water content and the conversion swelling force. It was discussed that the influence factors on limit swelling force and it was indicated by trial that limit swelling force will decrease with increasing of primary water content for remolded soils sample with same dry density. And some representative trial regularity was made clear.
2006, 36(3): 71-75.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603019
Abstract:
Based on the interaction of the pile and soil the bearing capacity formula of CFG (cement-flyash-gravel) pile composite foundation was discussed and simplified. Different factors on the reduced coefficient B were studied. Through the back analysis of 17 case studies the main effects were concluded. Also the suggested range of B value was specified. Among all the factors the construction method is the key point and the range of B in the present code has some room for increasing, especially in the northern area of China.
Based on the interaction of the pile and soil the bearing capacity formula of CFG (cement-flyash-gravel) pile composite foundation was discussed and simplified. Different factors on the reduced coefficient B were studied. Through the back analysis of 17 case studies the main effects were concluded. Also the suggested range of B value was specified. Among all the factors the construction method is the key point and the range of B in the present code has some room for increasing, especially in the northern area of China.
2006, 36(3): 80-82.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603021
Abstract:
The actions and effects of temperature loads on giant reinforced concrete circular coal silo are not precisely specified in technical references and relevant standards of design. It is investigated the structure behavior of reinforced concrete circular coal silo(with a diameter of 120m and a capacity of 100 kilo-tons) subjected to temperature loads. The temperature loads individually assumed to act on the coal silo without nothing and fully laden silo. And compared the stress state of the silo on temperature load with that of the one on stored material pressure. The investigation reveals that temperature load has a great effect on the stress state of the silo; the annual stresses in the wall of the silo caused by temperature load are six times larger than that of the one caused by the stored material pressure; when the temperature steps down,the annual stresses are much larger as compared with the situation of temperature goes up; the axial stress in the wall of the silo is not so obviously influenced by temperature load or by material pressure. Finally,after analyzing The Code for Design of Reinforced Concrete Silos (GB 50077-2003), several advices are presented which are very important to the design and practice of reinforced concrete silos.
The actions and effects of temperature loads on giant reinforced concrete circular coal silo are not precisely specified in technical references and relevant standards of design. It is investigated the structure behavior of reinforced concrete circular coal silo(with a diameter of 120m and a capacity of 100 kilo-tons) subjected to temperature loads. The temperature loads individually assumed to act on the coal silo without nothing and fully laden silo. And compared the stress state of the silo on temperature load with that of the one on stored material pressure. The investigation reveals that temperature load has a great effect on the stress state of the silo; the annual stresses in the wall of the silo caused by temperature load are six times larger than that of the one caused by the stored material pressure; when the temperature steps down,the annual stresses are much larger as compared with the situation of temperature goes up; the axial stress in the wall of the silo is not so obviously influenced by temperature load or by material pressure. Finally,after analyzing The Code for Design of Reinforced Concrete Silos (GB 50077-2003), several advices are presented which are very important to the design and practice of reinforced concrete silos.
2006, 36(3): 83-86.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603022
Abstract:
The analysis of dynamic characteristics and s eismic response of a high_rise control tower of airport with steel frame on the top is given from two respects: model s haking table test and finite element calculation. A 1B 30 scaled model is tested to simulate the earthquake on shaking table. The dynamic characteristics and s eismic res pons e of the prototype structure are got by the s imilar relationship according to the testing results. The dynamic calculations of the model and prototype structures are also made using structural finite element analyses programs and the results are compared and analyzed with the test.
The analysis of dynamic characteristics and s eismic response of a high_rise control tower of airport with steel frame on the top is given from two respects: model s haking table test and finite element calculation. A 1B 30 scaled model is tested to simulate the earthquake on shaking table. The dynamic characteristics and s eismic res pons e of the prototype structure are got by the s imilar relationship according to the testing results. The dynamic calculations of the model and prototype structures are also made using structural finite element analyses programs and the results are compared and analyzed with the test.
2006, 36(3): 87-90.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603023
Abstract:
The behaviors of three simply_supported compos ite s labs and four continuous compos ite s labs subjected to fire with constant load were experimented. The distortion,destruction form and internal force redistribution of the slabs were investigated. It can be shown from the experiments that the fire resistance capability of simply_s upported s labs is bad,while that of continuous slabs is good due to the pos itive effect of negative tensile reinforcement. It can also be shown that both in temperature_rise period and temperature_descent period,there is sharp redistribution of internal force in continuous slabs,and the different fire_s uffering conditions have great effect on the behaviors of continuous slabs. At the s ame time,the time, positions and orders of the plastic hingesc appearance also have great effect on the response of the continuous slabs. At last, a s imple method is proposed to analyze the variety of support reactions of continuous s labs during the temperature_rise period,and the calculated results fit well with the experimental results.
The behaviors of three simply_supported compos ite s labs and four continuous compos ite s labs subjected to fire with constant load were experimented. The distortion,destruction form and internal force redistribution of the slabs were investigated. It can be shown from the experiments that the fire resistance capability of simply_s upported s labs is bad,while that of continuous slabs is good due to the pos itive effect of negative tensile reinforcement. It can also be shown that both in temperature_rise period and temperature_descent period,there is sharp redistribution of internal force in continuous slabs,and the different fire_s uffering conditions have great effect on the behaviors of continuous slabs. At the s ame time,the time, positions and orders of the plastic hingesc appearance also have great effect on the response of the continuous slabs. At last, a s imple method is proposed to analyze the variety of support reactions of continuous s labs during the temperature_rise period,and the calculated results fit well with the experimental results.
2006, 36(3): 91-94.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603024
Abstract:
In order to enhance the stability of single layer dome,Vierendeel dome was presented by employing lattice bar. Vierendeel arch is the key part of Vierndeel dome,while its research is few. It was made a thorough research on its static performance,and the results indicate that the Vierendeel arch is similar to full_web arch in macro while they are different in local; the ultimate bearing capacity of Vierendeel arch is 8～10 times that of a full_web arch with the same section area; it can provide good performances even is semi_arch load. Moreover,it is also found that Vierendeel arch is not sensitive to initial imperfect and change of the constraint condition. Therefore Vierendeel arch,compared with full_web arch,has better mechanical performance.
In order to enhance the stability of single layer dome,Vierendeel dome was presented by employing lattice bar. Vierendeel arch is the key part of Vierndeel dome,while its research is few. It was made a thorough research on its static performance,and the results indicate that the Vierendeel arch is similar to full_web arch in macro while they are different in local; the ultimate bearing capacity of Vierendeel arch is 8～10 times that of a full_web arch with the same section area; it can provide good performances even is semi_arch load. Moreover,it is also found that Vierendeel arch is not sensitive to initial imperfect and change of the constraint condition. Therefore Vierendeel arch,compared with full_web arch,has better mechanical performance.
2006, 36(3): 95-98.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603025
Abstract:
Fish_bellied cable truss of point supported glazing has been widely used for the characters of lightness and transparency. And commonly it is systematically supported,when additional support is added,the structure is turned from symmetrical support into unsymmetrical support,the mechanical performance will be changed greatly because of its weak ability to resist unsymmetrical deformation,and more discussion will be needed. Therefore it was made that the static and dynamic performance of cable truss under unsymmetrical support with model experiment and theoretical analysis. At last it was given the referenced wind_induced vibration coefficient for design.
Fish_bellied cable truss of point supported glazing has been widely used for the characters of lightness and transparency. And commonly it is systematically supported,when additional support is added,the structure is turned from symmetrical support into unsymmetrical support,the mechanical performance will be changed greatly because of its weak ability to resist unsymmetrical deformation,and more discussion will be needed. Therefore it was made that the static and dynamic performance of cable truss under unsymmetrical support with model experiment and theoretical analysis. At last it was given the referenced wind_induced vibration coefficient for design.
2006, 36(3): 99-101.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603026
Abstract:
The testing methods and contents for a concrete structure factory building after a fire hazard are introduced, including concrete strength,steel strength,carbonation depth in concrete and so on. And by analyzing the testing results, several strengthening schemes were taken. These measures were outer sticking steel plate,external steel_clad method,RC beams section steel adhesion and increasing section method. An instance of construction is given here. The structure completely resumes its bearing capacity after strengthening.
The testing methods and contents for a concrete structure factory building after a fire hazard are introduced, including concrete strength,steel strength,carbonation depth in concrete and so on. And by analyzing the testing results, several strengthening schemes were taken. These measures were outer sticking steel plate,external steel_clad method,RC beams section steel adhesion and increasing section method. An instance of construction is given here. The structure completely resumes its bearing capacity after strengthening.
2006, 36(3): 102-104.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603027
Abstract:
It is presented briefly that the failure of a steel strand coupler during the tension of the prestressed tendon in a high school. As a result of the analysis of its reasons,the scheme adopting overlapping unbonded prestressed tendon for the reinforcement is proposed and successfully accomplished. And the data on the site test substantiates the efficiency of the steel strand coupler and the performance of the ultra long prestressed secondary girder structural system,which adopts steel strand couplers.
It is presented briefly that the failure of a steel strand coupler during the tension of the prestressed tendon in a high school. As a result of the analysis of its reasons,the scheme adopting overlapping unbonded prestressed tendon for the reinforcement is proposed and successfully accomplished. And the data on the site test substantiates the efficiency of the steel strand coupler and the performance of the ultra long prestressed secondary girder structural system,which adopts steel strand couplers.
2006, 36(3): 105-107.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603028
Abstract:
The damages of bowl_scaffold supporting often happen,the collapsing reasons of bowl_scaffold supporting used in bridge construction are analyzed,and several preventing measures are presented and will benefit the construction of bridge.
The damages of bowl_scaffold supporting often happen,the collapsing reasons of bowl_scaffold supporting used in bridge construction are analyzed,and several preventing measures are presented and will benefit the construction of bridge.
2006, 36(3): 108-110.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603029
Abstract:
According to the architectural design of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Foodstuff Storage and dock establishment,it is explored how technique corresponds with art in the industrial architectures from several aspects such as exterior colony space,architectural sculpt and colour.
According to the architectural design of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Foodstuff Storage and dock establishment,it is explored how technique corresponds with art in the industrial architectures from several aspects such as exterior colony space,architectural sculpt and colour.
2006, 36(3): 111-115.
doi: 10.13204/j.gyjz200603030
Abstract:
In terms of typical base with non_considering reqirement in wartime,functional transformation from peacetime to wartime is researched. Several aspects are analyzed,for example whole functional transformation,gateway functional transformation,main part strengthening,decontamination room transformation. Specific schemes are put forward so as to provide new ideas to study functional transformation of basement from peacetime to wartime.
In terms of typical base with non_considering reqirement in wartime,functional transformation from peacetime to wartime is researched. Several aspects are analyzed,for example whole functional transformation,gateway functional transformation,main part strengthening,decontamination room transformation. Specific schemes are put forward so as to provide new ideas to study functional transformation of basement from peacetime to wartime.
