Research on Whiplash Effect of the Building Above the Top of Group Silos Considering Different Storage Conditions
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摘要: 为研究地震作用下柱承式钢筋混凝土立筒群仓结构的鞭梢效应,设计制作了缩尺比例为1∶25的1×3组合带两层仓上建筑的群仓试验模型,开展了X和Y两个方向的空仓、半仓和满仓3种贮料工况下不同地震激励的振动台试验,进行了仓上建筑的加速度和位移响应分析;采用理想弹塑性模型(Dracker-Prager)模拟仓内粮食颗粒,建立了带仓上建筑的群仓和单仓有限元模型,通过动力时程分析得到了柱承式筒仓结构仓上建筑的地震作用增大系数。研究表明:随着贮料质量的增加,仓上建筑的加速度放大系数逐渐减小;仓上建筑的位移响应较下部仓体显著增大,且随着贮料质量的增加,增大效应更加明显;空、半、满3种贮料工况下,X向和Y向仓上建筑1层结构的地震作用增大系数分别为3.74和2.38、2.77和2.11、2.04和1.64,2层结构分别为3.28和1.98、2.56和1.79、1.83和1.37,贮料工况及地震作用方向对仓上建筑的鞭梢效应影响显著;相同工况下群仓的仓上建筑地震作用增大系数为单仓的1.2~1.9倍。Abstract: In order to study the whiplash effect of reinforced concrete group silos under earthquakes, a 1∶25 scaled test model for a 1×3 group silos combined with a two-storey building above the silo top was designed, and the shaking table test under different seismic excitation was carried out with empty, half and full silos in X- and Y-direction,the acceleration and displacement response analysis of the building above the top of silos was conducted.The Dracker-Prager model was used to simulate the grain particles inside the silos, and finite element models of group and single silos with buildings on the top of silos were established.The seismic effect amplification factors of the building above the top of column-supported silo structure were obtained by dynamic time-history analysis. The results indicated that the acceleration amplification factors of the building above the top of silos decreased as the storage weight increases. The displacement response of the building above the top of soils had obvious amplification compared with the lower part of silos, and the amplification effect was more obvious with the increase of the storage weight. In the three storage conditions of empty, half and full, the seismic action amplification factors of the first floor of the building above the top of soils in X- and Y-direction are 3.74 and 2.38, 2.77 and 2.11, 2.04 and 1.64, respectively, and the amplification factors of the second floor were 3.28 and 1.98, 2.56 and 1.79, 1.83 and 1.37, respectively. The storage condition and the direction of earthquake action had a significant effect on the whiplash effect of the building above the top of soils.In the same conditions, the seismic action amplification factors of single silo were 1.2 to 1.9 times that of group silos.
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Key words:
- group silos /
- building above the top of silos /
- shaking table test /
- seismic response /
- whiplash effect
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