Abstract: In view of the problem that the modular columns of existing modular building steel structures cannot effectively cooperate with each other， this paper proposed the concept and technology to realize the self-locking effective connection and cooperative work between adjacent modular columns without damaging the enclosure structure of the module unit. A numerical simulation method was used to study the bearing performance of the novel cooperative load-bearing modular columns and the influence of key parameters. The results showed that the cooperative load-bearing module column exhibited good bearing capacity， high ultimate bearing capacity， and strong deformation capacity. Compared with the existing module column， the ultimate bearing capacity of the cooperative load-bearing module column was greatly improved， and the cooperative work effect between the columns was obvious. The bearing capacity of the column group increased greatly when lateral connections between columns were formed from nothing， but when lateral connections between modular columns were formed， the effect of increasing the number of lateral connection between columns on improving the bearing capacity of components was relatively weakened. With the increase in slenderness ratio， the lateral connections between columns played an obvious role， and the degree of coordination between columns increased. With the increase of the number of lock components， the ultimate bearing capacity of the cooperative load-bearing module column increasesd slightly. When the number of lock components increased to 3， further increases in the number of lock components did not significantly improve the ultimate bearing capacity of columns.