Abstract: In order to demand the design method of efficient use of small-area residential space, based on the key techniques of "people-oriented", "simple and easy" and "space adaptability" of the residential building system and the multi-dimensional utilization form of residential space and time, the design of the deversity of residential space based on user needs was explored from the aspects of the diversification of the number of rooms, the efficient use of space constants such as the individualization of partition shape and the differentiation of space layout, the efficient use of space variables such as the diversity of sets, the exchange of space diversity, and the sharing of space diversity, as well as the flexibility of furniture and space partitions in daily life and the variability of spatial constants and spatial variables in long-term development. It was proposed that the design of residence with efficient use of space should not only be varied from person to person, but also need to be precisely designed according to needs, and should be appropriately integrated into sustainable development design according to needs, in addition, the principle of "easy to build, changeable, easy to evolve" should be taken into account in the construction process, so that the design of residence could can make adaptive and efficient use of space and center on user needs from indoor to house or from results to process, and thus the design mode of efficient space utilization based on household needs was summarized.