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RESEARCH ON OPTIMIZATION OF PROPORTIONS FOR HIGHLY DURABLE CONCRETE MIX BASED ON RF-NSGA-Ⅱ ALGORITHM
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摘要: 高寒复杂环境中混凝土会遭遇耐久性不足的问题，进行配合比设计以保证混凝土良好的工作性能和耐久性能具有重要意义。采用RF-NSGA-Ⅱ算法，以抗冻性和抗渗性两个重要的混凝土耐久性指标为研究目标，建立配合比优化设计的多目标模型，实现高精度的混凝土相对弹性模量和氯离子渗透系数预测以及配合比优化。首先基于混凝土材料及配合比样本数据分别建立随机森林（RF）混凝土抗冻性和抗渗性预测模型，然后将回归预测函数作为目标函数结合JGJ 55—2011《普通混凝土设计规程》和工程要求建立配合比因素的约束范围，最后利用NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行多目标寻优，获得最佳配合比。研究结果表明：混凝土相对弹性模量和氯离子渗透系数的RF预测模型效果很好，均方根误差φRMSE低至0.04，决定系数R2高达0.985，经优化获得了满足耐久性和力学试验要求的混凝土配合比优化目标值，与工程实际情况相符。Abstract: The problem of insufficient durability for concrete has always been a serious in the complex environment of high cold areas. It is of great significance to design the proportion of concrete mix to ensure the good working performances and durability of concrete. A RF-NSGA-II algorithm was adopted. The multi-objective model of optimization design for concrete mix was constructed, in which the two important durability indexes of concrete:frost resistance and impermeability were taken as the objectives, so as to achieve high-precision prediction of the relative elastic moduli, chloride ion permeability coefficient and optimal proportion of concrete mix. Firstly, based on the data of in real time concrete material and mix proportions, the prediction models of random forest (RF) for frost resistance and impermeability of concrete was constructed respectively. Then,the regression prediction function was taken as the objective function, and the constraint range of factors for mix proportions was determinal according to Specification for Mix Proportion Design or Ordinary Concrete(JGJ 55-2011) and engineering requirements. Finally,the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was used for multi-objective optimization to obtain the optimal mix proportion. The results showed that the prediction model for relative elastic moduli in time and chloride ion permeability coefficients of concrete was very good, the error of φRMSE was 0.04, the coefficient of determination R2 was in time as 0.985. Through optimization, the optimization target value of the proportion concrete mix met the requirements of durability and mechanical tests, which was consistent with the actual situation of the project.
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