Abstract: Xi'an, as the starting point of the Silk Road, has been communicating with the Western Regions since ancient times. With the connection of Longhai Railway in modern times, it is also influenced by westem culture. Architectural culture is also effected by both of them. Based on the survey and drawing of the existing traditional public and residential buildings in Xi'an, and the cultural influence on account of the spread of western culture influenced to the east, the paper divided them into three types, i.e. native traditional building, syncretic building influenced by Islamic culture, and eclectic buildings influenced by westem culture. The paper foused on the distribution area, architectural form, construction technology, decorative symbols to put forward the different typological characteristics of the latter two types, which was effected by different cultures.