Abstract: In order to study the influence of different reinforcement ratios on the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete bridge deck, eight reinforced concrete bridge deck models with different reinforcement ratios were established by numerical simulation on the basis of experiments, and their bearing capacity, change trend and failure mode were studied. It was found that for the failure mode, bending failure occurred when the reinforcement ratio was lower than 0.72%, and punching failure occurred when the reinforcement ratio was greater than 0.95%. For the bearing capacity, the effect of reinforcement ratio on the elastic section was not obvious, and the effect of reinforcement ratio on the bearing capacity was greater when it was 0.2%~0.72%. Based on the calculation formula of punching capacity in GB 50010-2010 Code for Design of Concrete Structures, the calculation model of punching capacity calculation formula considering the influence of reinforcement ratio was established, and the correlation coefficient of the model was calculated by linear regression method.Compared to European standards and national standards and test data of the researchers at home and abroad, the proposed formula was safe and reliable.