WIND LOAD AND AERODYNAMIC DISTURBANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPER-LONG SPAN BRIDGE TOWER COLUMNS WITH ADDITIONAL SIGHTSEEING ELEVATORS
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摘要: 依托大跨度桥梁构建观光平台和提升旅游景点,是开发旅游资源、谋求经济和社会利益的重大举措。在大跨度悬索桥桥塔顶部建设观光平台,需依附现有塔柱布设电梯井。电梯井的布置将改变塔柱的外形,并显著增大风荷载作用截面,可能影响桥梁的安全与正常使用。通过采用基于SST k-ω湍流模型的RANS方程,对新增观光电梯的桥塔进行了多工况计算流体动力学计算(雷诺数Re=7.7×106),获得了新桥塔多工况下横向阻力系数。结果表明:增设电梯与楼梯井导致桥塔风荷载显著增大;电梯和楼梯井与原桥塔连接的镂空处理和平面棱角的圆角处理,可以显著降低桥塔横向阻力系数;塔柱截面的增大导致上下游塔柱间气动干扰效应增大,但这种干扰效应随风向角变化;JTG/T 3360-01—2018《公路桥梁抗风设计规范》中基于单桥塔的横向阻力系数建议值可能不安全,也无法反映塔柱之间的干扰效应;桥塔横桥向风荷载的显著增大可能导致桥塔横梁抗剪承载力不足,在大桥上建造此类观光结构时,应注意横梁的抗剪设计。Abstract: Relying on long-span bridges to build tourist platforms and enhance tourist attractions is an important measure to develop tourism resources and jointly seek economic and social utilization. In order to build a sightseeing platform on the top of the pylon of a long-span suspension bridge, elevator wells should be laid on the existing pylons. The layout of elevator shaft will change the shape of tower column and significantly increase the cross section size under wind load, which may affect the safety and serviceability of bridge. In the paper, a two-dimensional RANS equation based on the SST k-ω turbulence model was used to model the flow around the tower shaft (Reynolds number Re=7.7×106) with attached under multi-conditions, and the transverse drag coefficient of the new tower under multi-conditions was obtained. The results showed that the addition of elevators and stairwells led to a significant increase wind load on bridge towers; hollowing out of the connection between elevators and stairwells and original bridge towers and fillet treatment of plane edges and corners could significantly reduce the transverse drag coefficient of bridge towers; the increase of column cross section led to an increase in aerodynamic interference effect between upstream and downstream towers, but this interference effect varied with wind direction angle. In the Wind-Resistent Design Specification for Highway Bridges(JTG/T 3360-01-2018), the recommended values of transverse resistance coefficient based on single bridge tower might be unsafe and could not reflect the interference effect between towers and columns. The significant increase of wind load on bridge towers might lead to insufficient shear bearing capacity of bridge towers and beams. When constructing such sightseeing structures on bridges, attention should be paid to the shear design of cross beams.
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Key words:
- suspension bridge /
- bridge tower /
- wind load /
- aerodynamic interference /
- CFD simulation
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