Abstract: The spontaneous combustion ( active) and non-spontaneous combustion ( inactive) two kinds of coal gangues were selected as fine aggregate to study the effect on the mechanical properties of its cement-based materials under the types of coal gangue，activity，dosage and other factors，and its mechanical properties development trend were discovered，which can provide a basis for the application of the coal gangue as aggregate．Results of the trial indicate that active coal gangue as fine aggregate had taken place the secondary hydrated reaction to a certain degree in the early hydration，hydrated reaction can promoted its early strength; inactive coal gangue-cement-based materials strength decreases with the increase in water-cement ratio，however active coal gangue exists a reasonable range． High temperature curing can promote its early hydration and its compressive strength，but at 28 d curing its compressive strength has the negative effects of high temperature with low dosage coal gangue，and an opposite effect on its flexural strength．