Abstract: Choosing the appropriate wall material can reduce the energy consumption effectively，this paper selects a constructing house as the research object which uses straw-bale as the filling material for external wall． Through testing indoor and outdoor temperature and relative humidity and the wall surface temperature， and simulating annual heating energy consumption，then it is contrasted the energy consumption of using straw-bale and clay brick． The result shows that the straw-bale has good thermal insulation and heat preservation，and it could adjust the indoor relative humidity to some extent，the house using the straw-bale can reduce 61. 69% energy consumption comparing with the clay brick houses in Datong，Shanxi Province． The paper also compares the energy conservation of straw-bale house and clay brick house in different climate zone，and the result indicates that as compared with the clay brick house， the straw-bale house can reduce 56. 59%，61. 96% and 65. 55% energy consumption in Harbin，Xi’an and Datong． So it can be concluded that straw-bale has good energy-saving effects and universal adaptability for rural houses in cold and severe cold zones．